BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The aim of CT-guided CTSI is to inject medication into the foraminal region where the nerve root is inflamed. The optimal location for needle placement and therapeutic delivery, however, remain uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate how needle positioning and angle of approach impact the transforaminal distribution of injectate. MATERIALS AND METHODS We...

STUDY DESIGN This is a report of a case. OBJECTIVE To document the clinical, radiographic, and histologic characteristics of a lumbar extraforaminal juxtafacet cyst. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Spinal juxtafacet cysts develop most frequently at the dorsal aspect of the zygapophysial joint, sometimes in the posterolateral area of the canal. In one case, they have been described in the foramin...

abstract   background: far lateral discal herniation is an uncommon disorder and is difficult to assess by physical examination alone. this study is designed to define clinical and epidemiological findings and to establish the indications of surgical and medical treatment for flldh.   methods: between 2000 and 2005, a total of 2035 patients with lumbar disc herniation underwent surgical discect...

Foraminal or extraforaminal Far Lateral Disc Herniations (FLDH) extending into or beyond the foraminal zone have been recognized as between 7-12% of all lumbosacral disc herniations. Conventional posterior laminectomy may not provide good access to a herniation that lies far lateral to the lateral margin of the pedicle. Use of the endoscopic technique through a percutaneous approach to treat su...

Purpose. Extraforaminal decompression of the L5 nerve root remains a challenge due to anatomic constraints, severe level-degeneration, and variable anatomy. The purpose of this study is to introduce the use of navigation for transmuscular transtubular decompression at the L5/S1 level and report on radiological features and clinical outcome. Methods. Ten patients who underwent a navigation-assis...

Between 1986 and 1995, we treated with foraminal injection of local anaesthetic and steroids 30 patients with severe lumbar radiculopathy secondary to foraminal and extraforaminal disc herniation which had not resolved with rest and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. They were assessed prospectively using standardised forms as well as the Low Back Outcome Score, and were reviewed at an ave...

Introduction: Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is reportedly superior to two-dimensional (2D) MRI for diagnosing lumbar foraminal stenosis at L5–S1. In this study, we strictly distinguished the intra- and extraforaminal regions compared diagnostic reliability accuracy of 2D 3D in each region.

Diagnosis of lumbar foraminal stenosis remains difficult. Here, we report on a case in which bilateral lumbar foraminal stenosis was difficult to diagnose, and in which diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was useful. The patient was a 52-year-old woman with low back pain and pain in both legs that was dominant on the right. Right lumbosacral nerve compression due to a massive uterine myoma was appar...

STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study. PURPOSE To examine the effectiveness of using an electrodiagnostic technique as a new approach in the clinical diagnosis of extraforaminal stenosis at L5-S1. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE We introduced a new effective approach to the diagnosis of extraforaminal stenosis at the lumbosacral junction using the existing electrophysiological evaluation technique. M...