2014 The thermodynamic treatment of equilibrium fluctuations in magnetic systems is discussed and applied to a variety of situations. The spectral density of the magnetic moment or flux are derived for simply-connected bodies (sphere and cylinder) and for multiplyconnected systems (loop and hollow cylinder). The material is considered to be either a normal conductor, a superconductor or ferroma...

We studied the influence of the amplitude fluctuations of a non-Fermi superconductor on the energy spectrum of the 2D Anderson non-Fermi system. The classical fluctuations give a temperature dependence in the pseudogap induced in the fermionic excitations.

We study a two-dimensional superconductor in close proximity to a two-dimensional metallic sheet. The electrons in the superconducting sheet are coupled to those in the metallic sheet by the Coulomb interaction only. We obtain an effective phase-only action for the superconductor by integrating out all the electronic degrees of freedom in the problem. The Coulomb drag of the normal electrons in...

LLE Review, Volume 142 97 Introduction The problem of fluctuations in two-dimensional (2-D) superconducting stripes with a thickness d that is much smaller than the London penetration depth m and a width w that is much smaller than the Pearl length K = 2m2/d & w has been extensively discussed in the context of the Berezinsky– Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) transition.1,2 The interest in this topic w...

We report a systematic experimental study of mesoscopic conductance fluctuations in superconductor/normal/superconductor (SNS) devices Nb/InAs-nanowire/Nb. These fluctuations far exceed their value in the normal state and strongly depend on temperature even in the low-temperature regime. This dependence is attributed to high sensitivity of perfectly conducting channels to dephasing and the SNS ...

Nanoscale superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices are assembled from indium arsenide semiconductor nanowires individually contacted by aluminum-based superconductor electrodes. Below 1 kelvin, the high transparency of the contacts gives rise to proximity-induced superconductivity. The nanowires form superconducting weak links operating as mesoscopic Josephson junctions with electrically tun...

We measure current fluctuations of mesoscopic devices in the quantum regime, when the frequency is of the order of or higher than the applied voltage or temperature. Detection is designed to probe separately the absorption and emission contributions of current fluctuations, i.e. the positive and negative frequencies of the Fourier transformed nonsymmetrized noise correlator. It relies on measur...