Nowadays, concrete with strength higher than 50 MPa is utilized due to the ever increasing need for higher strength and prolonged healing properties. Despite the widespread use of high-strength concrete, only a few research projects have been conducted on the punching shear strength of high-strength concrete slabs. Reinforced concrete flat slabs are widely employed in structural systems. The lo...

in this paper, the effect of cyclic loading on punching strength of flat slabs strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (cfrp) sheets is studied. experimental results of ten slab specimens under monotonic and cyclic loading are analyzed. eight specimens were strengthened with cfrp sheets on the tensile face of the slabs and the two other specimens were kept un-strengthened as control s...

The Laramide orogeny is the Late Cretaceous to Palaeocene (80^55 Ma) orogenic event that gave rise to the Rocky Mountain fold and thrust belt in Canada, the Laramide block uplifts in the USA, and the Sierra Madre Oriental fold and thrust belt in Mexico. The leading model for driving Laramide orogenesis in the USA is flat-slab subduction, whereby stress coupling of a subhorizontal oceanic slab t...

At two trench segments below the Andes, the Nazca Plate is subducting sub-horizontally over ∼200-300 km, thought to result from a combination of buoyant oceanic-plateau subduction and hydrodynamic mantle-wedge suction. Whether the actual conditions for both processes to work in concert existed is uncertain. Here we infer from a tectonic reconstruction of the Andes constructed in a mantle refere...

The dynamics of flat subduction, particularly the interaction between a flat slab and the overriding plate, are poorly understood. Here we study the (seismically) anisotropic properties and deformational regime of the mantle directly above the Peruvian flat slab. We analyze shear wave splitting from 370 local S events at 49 stations across southern Peru. We find that the mantle above the flat s...

The analysis of magmatic distribution, basin formation, tectonic evolution and structural styles of different segments of the Andes shows that most of the Andes have experienced a stage of flat subduction. Evidence is presented here for a wide range of regions throughout the Andes, including the three present flat-slab segments (Pampean, Peruvian, Bucaramanga), three incipient flat-slab segment...

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Southern Peru is located in the northern Central Andes, which is the highest plateau along an active subduction zone. In this region, the Nazca slab changes from normal to flat subduction, with the associated Holocene volcanism ceasing above the flat subduction regime. We use 6 s to 67 s period surface wave signals from ambient noise cross-correlations and ...

S U M M A R Y Data from three seismic arrays installed in southern Peruwere analysed using receiver functions from P, PP and PKP wave phases, in order to image the subducted Nazca slab. The arrays cover the transition region from flat slab subduction in central Peru to normal subduction with an angle of about 30◦ further south. A previous study used data from the first array in the normal subdu...

[1] Flat or shallow subduction is a relatively widespread global occurrence, but the dynamics remain poorly understood. In particular, the interaction between flat slabs and the surrounding mantle flow has yet to be studied in detail. Here we present measurements of seismic anisotropy to investigate mantle flow beneath the Peruvian flat-slab segment, the largest present-day region of flat subdu...