in this research, the energy flow and production energy indices of canola cultivation in trakya province of turkey, golestan and mazandaran provinces of iran were compared. diesel fuel and chemical fertilizer inputs were the highest consumer of energy in the production of canola in these three regions. the results indicated that despite the higher energy use of machinery in trakya province of t...

Biodiesel is usually produced from food-grade vegetable oil using trans-esterification process. As an effective factor on the biodiesel characteristics of the biodiesel is the kind of feedstock which is used, so finding a proper feedstock for using initially has an important role for different places. So, in this research, disposal substances of Capparis Spinosa are used as a feedstock for prod...

Fossil fuel shortage is a major challenge worldwide. Therefore, research is currently underway to investigate potential renewable energy sources. Biodiesel is one of the major renewable energy sources that can be obtained from oils and fats by transesterification. However, biodiesel obtained from vegetable oils as feedstock is expensive. Thus, an alternative and inexpensive feedstock such as wa...

Due to the concern on the availability of recoverable fossil fuel reserves and the environmental problems caused by the use those fossil fuels, considerable attention has been given to biodiesel production as an alternative to petrodiesel. However, as the biodiesel is produced from vegetable oils and animal fats, there are concerns that biodiesel feedstock may compete with food supply in the lo...

The price of feedstock is one of the most significant factors affecting the economic viability of biodiesel manufacturer. Many approaches were investigated to reduce the biodiesel production cost. The present work gave a preliminary study of two approaches to economically produce biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) and flaked cottonseed. One was the use of ultrasound-assisted synthesis of bi...

0016-2361/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.031 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +60 16 590 3110; fax E-mail address: [email protected] (H.C. Ong). Increased biodiesel production is being proposed as one solution to the need to ease the impact of increased demand for crude oil and to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. Despite this, biodiesel has ye...

Biodiesel is usually produced from food-grade vegetable oils that are more expensive than diesel fuel. Therefore, biodiesel produced from food-grade vegetable oil is currently not economically feasible. Waste cooking oils, restaurant grease and animal fats are potential feedstocks for biodiesel. These inexpensive feedstocks represent one-third of the US total fats and oil production, but are cu...

This research focuses on the production of biodiesel from low cost feedstock such as Melothria madraspatana seed oil via MnCO3 catalyzed transesterification process at 60°C, investigating the effects of process parameters such as molar ratio of feedstock to methanol, catalyst quantity, and reaction time on biodiesel yield. The biodiesel was successfully produced via transesterification process ...

Biodiesel, the name popularly given to fatty acid alkyl esters, has become an attractive option for the replacement of petroleum diesel (‘petrodiesel’). While its overall impact on the greenhouse effect continues to be debated, other qualities of biodiesel are unquestioned. Biodiesel is biodegradable, generally non-toxic and has superior lubricity to petrodiesel. Overall emissions are greatly r...

Biodiesel, defined as the mono-alkyl esters of vegetable oils or animal fats, is an environmentally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum diesel fuel (petrodiesel). Produced by transesterification with a monohydric alcohol, usually methanol, biodiesel has many important technical advantages over petrodiesel, such as inherent lubricity, low toxicity, derivation from a renewable and do...