For 1,442 Belgian Blue bulls performance-tested at the Centre de Sélection de la Race Blanc-Bleue Belge, nine traits were observed: height at withers at 7 mo, height at withers at 13 mo, weight at 7 mo, weight at 13 mo, average feed consumption of concentrates, average daily gain, average feed consumption of concentrates per average daily gain, average feed consumption of concentrates per mean ...

Pigs (n 100) between 28 and 56 d of age were given diets containing one of five protein concentrates ad lib. The utilization of methionine from the protein concentrates was compared with synthetic methionine. Increasing the methionine content of the diets from 1.5 to 2.2 g/kg diet increased the weight gains of the pigs from 61 g/d to 198-292 g/d. The feed conversion efficiencies decreased from ...

The proportions of organic feed and roughage in the feed ration for organic dairy cows have to reach 100 and 60%, respectively, in 2005. The aim of this study was to elucidate the long-term effects of reducing or omitting concentrate supplementation to high genetic merit dairy cows on a basal ad libitum diet of clover-grass (silage and grazing). Three concentrate levels, N, L and L1 (38, 0 and ...

Agriculture accounts for 92% of the freshwater footprint of humanity; almost one third relates to animal products. In a recent global study, Mekonnen and Hoekstra (2012) [31] show that animal products have a large water footprint (WF) relative to crop products. We use the outcomes of that study to show general trends in the WFs of poultry, pork and beef. We observe three main factors driving th...

This study investigated aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination in dairy cow feed and the risk management of AFB1 content in concentrates undertaken by feed industries in the Parmigiano Reggiano area. Data on aflatoxin contamination risk management applied in 29 feed industries were collected and the AFB1 content of 70 feed samples was analysed. Data were collected within the framework of a quality c...

The availability and efficient use of the feed resources in India are the primary drivers to maximize productivity of Indian livestock. Feed security is vital to the livestock management, extent of use, conservation and productivity enhancement. Assessment and forecasting of livestock feed resources are most important for effective planning and policy making. In the present study, 40 years of d...

Poultry concentrate feed is predominantly produced by animal factories in Indonesia. Unfortunately, the selling price of concentrates has been steadily increasing, causing difficulties for poultry farmers maintaining their businesses. Indonesia, being an agricultural country, possesses a wealth products. The abundance products, coupled with significant amounts waste from by-products, can be pro...

T his is the first of two articles describing a number of time domain solver 3D EM field simulations of an antenna feed consisting of a circular waveg-uide with a septum polar-izer and two external coaxial connector ports. Measurements of the actual S-parameters of a constructed feed were then compared to the simulations, to determine which mesh and solver settings afforded good accuracy withou...