a most effective and less energy demanding method of producing fatty esters, diol esters, by esterifying fatty acids, with neopentyl and ethylenglycol alcohols in the presence of an acidic ion exchange resin catalyst(polyestyrendivinylbenzensulfated) was investigated at elevated temperature. in this process an azeotroping agent, toluene, was used to facilitate continuous removal of water by dis...

A most effective and less energy demanding method of producing fatty esters, diol esters, by esterifying fatty acids, with neopentyl and ethylenglycol alcohols in the presence of an acidic ion exchange resin catalyst(polyestyrendivinylbenzensulfated) was investigated at elevated temperature. In this process an azeotroping agent, toluene, was used to facilitate continuous removal of water by dis...

Lipids secreted form the bovine meibomian glands were assigned to following classes: cholesteryl esters (A) (fatty acyl chain lengths from 15 to 27 carbon atoms), 41%; wax esters, 29%; triacylglycerols, 10%; and cholesteryl ester (B) (fatty acyl chain lengths from 14 to 18 carbons), 15%. The remaining 5% consisted of cholesterol, fatty acids, and highly polar material. Analysis of the lipids sh...

BACKGROUND Biodiesel is a mixture of fatty acid short-chain alkyl esters of different fatty acid carbon chain lengths. However, while fatty acid methyl or ethyl esters are useful biodiesel produced commercially, fatty acid esters with branched-chain alcohol moieties have superior fuel properties. Crucially, this includes improved cold flow characteristics, as one of the major problems associate...

Mechanisms responsible for alcohol-induced heart muscle disease have been difficult to elucidate partly because of previously obscure, demonstrable cardiac metabolism of ethanol. Recently, fatty acid ethyl esters were identified in our laboratory and found to be myocardial metabolites of ethanol. In the present study, they have been shown to induce mitochondrial dysfunction. Incubation of isola...

Methyl sterculate was rearranged by use of 0.5% of rhodium catalyst to isomeric conjugated diene fatty acid methyl esters containing both methyleneand methyl-branched isomers. The rearranged products were hydrogenated directly to saturated, methyl-substituted, branched-chain fatty acid methyl esters with the methyl substituent at one of the positions formerly occupied by the cyclopropenoid ring...

Fatty acid ethyl esters are a family of neutral lipids that are the products of esterification of fatty acids with ethanol. Unlike other pathways of ethanol metabolism, ethyl esters are present in numerous human organs which are the targets of ethanol-induced damage. In the present study, we have shown that fatty acid ethyl esters are synthesized by a hepatoma cell line in tissue culture when e...

A. Introduction B. Acid-Catalysed Esterification and Transesterification 1. General mechanism 2. Methanolic hydrogen chloride 3. Methanolic sulfuric acid 4. Boron trifluoride-methanol 5. Other acidic catalysts C. Base-Catalysed Transesterification 1. General mechanism 2. Sodium and potassium methoxide catalysts 3. Organic base catalysis D. Diazomethane and Related Reagents 1. Diazomethane and m...

A procedure for the separation of fatty acids, after their derivatization as fatty acid naphthacyl esters, by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography is described. A reproducible resolution (50 min), shorter than former HPLC analyses, of a standard mixture of fatty acid naphthacyl esters (25 fatty acids; C7:0 – C22:6 n – 3), was achieved by a ternary elution gradient of methanol-ac...

Almond oil is used in many cosmetic products as a snack, in confectionery (marzipan, "turrón", nougat), food products (almond milk, ice cream, chocolate), culinary recipes and also cosmetic base. For surveying the effects of almond genotype and growing location on oil percentage of oil seed content and fatty acid of almond, seeds of 6 almond cultivars: Ferragnes, Tuono, Azar, Sahand, Nonpareil ...