This paper examines the factors affecting the participation of farm households in farm land rental markets with particular focus on the impact of the land reform. The operational outcomes of such market participation are also analysed. The study used a panel dataset of farm households surveyed before and after the land reform with Random Effect Tobit model. The analysis showed that the land ref...

This article studies the relationship between the off-farm participation behavior of farm operators and their spouses and the demographic composition of the household. I focus on farm families without parents, siblings or partners, and examine the effects of the existence of elderly children of the farm couple. I find that both the father and the mother tend to reduce their participation in off...

Income from off-farm sources is especially important for land-poor households. However, the pattern of participation in off-farm activities is heterogeneous across space. We explore the determinants of participation in off-farm non-agricultural employment using data for rural Mexico. In particular, we try to understand how the neighborhood and the neighbors’ characteristics and choices affect t...

Promotion of low-skilled off-farm rural labor market participation can be an important strategy to improve livelihoods and food security of the poor in developing countries. This paper investigates rural farm households' participation in low-skilled off-farm labor markets with disaggregate data from a survey of 400 households in Tigray, the northern highlands of Ethiopia. Adopting Heckman's two...

The goal of this paper is to examine how has the expansion of the economy after 2000 affected rural off-farm labor market participation. Specifically, we seek to determine whether off-farm labor increased after 2000, what forms of employment are driving trends in off-farm labor, and whether gender differences can be observed in off-farm employment trends. Using a nationally representative datas...

Women play a significant role in smallholder production system in Pakistan. They actively participate in various activities relating to crop and livestock production in addition to conducting their routine domestic duties often working non-stop from dawn to dusk. But the extent of their participation varies from region to region. The aim of this field survey was to investigate the involvement o...

Overall participation in the Employment Guarantee Scheme (EGS) in Maharashtra (an Indian state) fell sharply over the period 1980-97. Some of this reduction was due to expansion of irrigation facilities leading to expansion of farm employment. Alongside, expansion of non-farm employment led to a further reduction in the demand for the EGS. Although there was a slight rise in participation in su...

The goal of the present paper is to examine how the expansion of the economy from 2000 has affected rural off-farm labor market participation. Specifically, we seek to determine whether off-farm labor increased after 2000, what forms of employment are driving trends in off-farm labor and whether gender differences can be observed in offfarm employment trends. Using a nationally representative d...