The oxidation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is studied with mass spectra analysis of SOA formed in a Potential Aerosol Mass (PAM) chamber, a small flow-through photo-oxidation chamber with extremely high OH and ozone levels. The OH exposure from a few minutes in the PAM chamber is similar to that from days to weeks in the atmosphere. The mass spectra were measured with a Quadrupole Aerosol...

FrCas(E) is a mouse retrovirus that causes a fatal noninflammatory spongiform neurodegenerative disease with pathological features strikingly similar to those induced by transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) agents. Neurovirulence is determined by the sequence of the viral envelope protein, though the specific role of this protein in disease pathogenesis is not known. In the present stu...

This paper looks at the patterns of causation between income, export, import, and investment growth for 39 developing countries. Our approach di®ers from previous e®orts in a number of ways. First, we examine each country individually in order to allow for complete heterogeneity. Second, we apply novel model selection techniques which are based on in-sample goodness-of̄t criteria and ex-ante pre...

This paper examines the empirical relationship between trade and total factor productivity (TFP) in South Africa. Using data on actual trade protection across different manufacturing sectors, it is shown that trade liberalization had a positive impact on TFP growth during the 1990s. In addition, time-series evidence on macro data supports a positive long-run relationship between TFP and opennes...

The chimeric murine oncornavirus FrCas(E) causes a rapidly progressive noninflammatory spongiform encephalomyelopathy after neonatal inoculation. The virus was constructed by the introduction of pol-env sequences from the wild mouse virus CasBrE into the genome of a neuroinvasive but nonneurovirulent strain of Friend murine leukemia virus (FMuLV), FB29. Although the brain infection by FrCas(E) ...

In an open multi-country economy, the safe assets supply shapes pattern of international capital flows. A higher productivity growth rate raises net inflows for economies with abundant assets, but reduces scarce assets. The cross-section analysis on a sample 170 over 1980–2013 confirms theory. evidence is robust instrument-variable (IV) method. JEL Classifications: F15, F36, F43

The paper explores the effect of technological specialisation on economic growth within a balance-of-payments-constrained growth model. We find that countries that are specialised in fast-growing technologies experience above average rates of growth due to the positive effects on international competitiveness. Moreover, we find that innovation, imitation and investment affect countries’ perform...

JEL Classification: F16, F43 This study examines the impacts of CO2 emissions on economic growth of Vietnam for the period 1986-2015 by using Autogressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The results reveal that there is cointegration relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth. In the long run carbon dioxide emissions have a significant negative impact on Vietnam economic growth. There...

The share of manufacturing in output follows an inverted U shape over the course of development. However, both the timing and the magnitude of structural change differ substantially across countries. I show a simple open economy model of structural change can explain why countries with lower aggregate productivity industrialize more slowly and start de-industrialization at a lower share of manu...

On one monthly time-series data set of Vietnam economy over 02/2008–09/2018, the Time-Varying-Coefficient VAR model records that trade-off between inflation and output growth is mitigated by foreign capital inflows. The mostly determined credit supply growth, while largely driven direct investment (FDI) A increase FDI USD 1 billion can raise 1.77% rate. result also holds on accounting for excha...