purpose: to measure the upper eyelid crease landmarks in an iranian population sample. methods: we studied 208 iranian subjects aged 30 to 50 years. upper eyelid crease height was measured in lateral, medial and central positions using calipers. levator function (lf) was also evaluated after exclusion of frontalis muscle function. results: mean age was 39.1±5.9 years and female to male ratio wa...

Purpose: A chief morbidity of Graves’ eye disease (GED) is upper lid retraction that results in exposure keratopathy and cosmetic deformity. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of graded anterior blepharotomy to treat upper lid retraction. Methods: Fifty eyelids of 32 patients with GED-associated upper lid retraction causing symptomatic ocular exposure were treated with graded, tran...

PURPOSE To report the results of a modified frontalis sling procedure using Mersilene mesh for correction of upper lid ptosis associated with poor levator muscle function. METHODS This interventional case series included 10 patients (15 eyelids) with congenital ptosis and poor levator function. All subjects underwent the upper lid sling procedure with modifications. Main outcomes were lid cre...

The paper is a prospective study of 23 lids of 20 patients with upper lid aponeurotic ptosis operated using microincision technique in period 2005-2008. There were 7 males and 13 females. Age of the patients was 28-83 years (y), average 61 +/- 17 y, for female 63 +/- 13.4 y and for male 61 +/- 19 y. Inclusion criteria were: aponeurotic upper lid ptosis more than 2 mm, no other lid abnormalities...

New techniques are described and illustrated for ptosis and lid retraction surgery in which the sutures holding the upper eyelid position are adjustable postoperatively. In the anterior approach, the sutures pass from the levator muscle through the anterior surface of the tarsal plate at the position of the skin crease and are tied at the skin crease incision. In the posterior approach, the sut...

Isolated unilateral congenital ptosis is encountered relatively infrequently in clinical practice. It typically consists of a unilateral droopy eyelid, weak levator palpebrae superioris muscle function, lid lag, and an absent upper lid crease with no other abnormalities on examination. We present a four-and-a-half-year-old girl with isolated and mild unilateral congenital ptosis who unexpectedl...

■ Vertical deviation of the orbicularis muscle plays the most important role in entropion and ectropion formation. ■ The orbicularis muscle is controlled by translamellar connections between the lower lid retractors and the anterior lamella. ■ In ectropion, retractor laxity causes an absence of the angle at the lacrimal punctum. ■ In entropion, retractor laxity produces a loss of the lid crease...

Primary lid tuberculosis after lid surgery is a very rare condition and is likely caused by the introduction of bacilli through epithelial injury. Secondary infection, due to direct hematogenous spread or contiguous spread from adjacent structures are more common presentations of lid tuberculosis. The authors experienced a case of primary lid tuberculosis occurring in a 19 year old female after...

Fractional continuous wave CO2 laser resurfacing is used to improve photodamage, wrinkles, and acne scarring by surface ablation and by using heat to activate natural collagen production and dermal remodeling. In this study, the author examined the efficacy and safety of nonincisional continuous wave fractional CO2 laser blepharoplasty in the upper lid. Standard lid measurements including margi...

A 74-year-old man was examined for a mass in the left upper eyelid. It was inconspicuous in inspection. There was no visual restriction, however a feeling of friction on the superior orbit during lid movement. Through eyelid crease lid incision, a solitary lesion appeared in the preaponeurotic space that orginated from the upper tarsal plate. Excisional biopsy revealed adipose proliferation wit...