Exhumation has been recognized as an important problem in tectonics and can be achieved by normal faulting, ductile thinning, and erosion. The exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) rocks is the most challenging and least understood aspect of the exhumation problem. In this review, we focus on a variety of geologic settings with the goal of characterizing exhumation rates and maximum depths of ...

An inferred burial and exhumation history of Pennsylvanian strata in the central Appalachian foreland basin is constrained by integrating palaeothermometers, geochronometers and estimated palaeogeothermal gradients.Vitrinite re£ectance data and £uid inclusion homogenization temperatures indicate that burial ofLower andUpperPennsylvanian strata of theAppalachianPlateau inWest Virginia exceeded 4...

We investigate the material fluxes in space and time as a result of exhumation and erosion processes at the ongoing Yakutat–North American collision in southeast Alaska. Many thermochronologic studies using a variety of sampling strategies are challenged by the widespread ice cover that limit field observations and accessibility. This paper reviews new and published low-temperature thermochrono...

[1] Erosional exhumation and topography in mountain belts are temporally and spatially variable over million year timescales because of changes in both the location of deformation and climate. We investigate spatiotemporal variations in exhumation across a 150 250 km compartment of the NW Himalaya, India. Twenty-four new and 241 previously published apatite and zircon fission track and white mi...

16 17 We have studied the relationships between present day relief, precipitation, stream power, 18 seismic energy, seismic strain rate and long-term exhumation rates for the Venezuelan Andes. 19 Average long-term exhumation rates were determined for seven large catchments in the 20 Venezuelan Andes from fission-track analysis of detrital apatite. A quantitative comparison 21 between eight new ...

Models of how high elevations formed across Tibet predict: (a) the continuous thickening of a "viscous sheet"; (b) time-dependent, oblique stepwise growth; and (c) synchronous deformation across Tibet that accompanied collision. Our new observations may shed light on this issue. Here, we use 40Ar/39Ar and (U-Th)/He thermochronology from massifs in the hanging walls of thrust structures along th...

The formation and exhumation of high and ultrahigh-pressure, (U)HP, rocks of crustal origin appears to be ubiquitous during Phanerozoic plate subduction and continental collision events. Exhumation of (U)HP material has been shown in some orogens to have occurred only once, during a single short-lived event; in other cases exhumation appears to have occurred multiple discrete times or during a ...

Spatial and temporal patterns of exhumation are inextricably linked to patterns of crustal deformation because crustal deformation drives rock uplift. A new interpretation of a segment of the Pacific-North America transpressional plate boundary in southern California is analyzed in the context of crustal shortening, rock uplift, and exhumation. Deformation is partitioned between two structural ...

The very low water content of the granulitic unit of Holsnøy, in the Bergen Arcs, Norway, caused its partial metastable preservation throughout Caledonian burial end exhumation, leading to the observed mixture of completely eclogitized and uneclogitized rocks. Large-scale eclogite-facies fracturing enabled fluid penetration into the granulite and subsequent eclogitization, and resulted in a ver...

Quantifying interactions between uplift, climate, deformation, and exhumation remains diffi cult, in many cases due to a paucity of data relevant to all processes. We synthesize new and existing data to understand the orogen-scale orographic changes across the central Andes, Bolivia. We use a regional climate model and geo-thermochronologic data to identify the correlations between changes in p...