PURPOSE To study the prevalence and 3-dimensional (3-D) tomographic features of focal choroidal excavations in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT). DESIGN Prospective, cross-sectional study. METHODS We examined 116 consecutive eyes with CSC with a prototype 3-D swept-source OCT. 3-D images of the shape of the macular area, c...

PURPOSE To study the prevalence, tomographic features, and clinical characteristics of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) in eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS We examined 243 consecutive eyes with exudative AMD with a prototype swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. Three-dimensional images of the macular area, covering 6 × 6 mm(2), were recons...

Primary cavity excavators, such as woodpeckers, are ecosystem engineers in many systems. Associations between cavity excavators and fungi have long been hypothesized to facilitate cavity excavation, but these relationships have not been experimentally verified. Fungi may help excavators by softening wood, while excavators may facilitate fungal dispersal. Here we demonstrate that excavators faci...

Background For treating deep caries lesions, selective or stepwise excavations seem advantageous compared with complete caries removal, but current evidence is sparse and focusses mainly on clinical success. Given that no core outcomes are defined for trials investigating caries removal and restorative dental treatments, we aim to compare different excavations of primary teeth using clinical, p...

O UR excavations at Nasik and more recently at Jorwe (District Ahmednagar, Maharashtra) revealed for the first time the existence of the chalco lithic phase in the prehistory of the Deccan (Sankalia and Deo 1955). The comparative stratigraphical position of this culture, however, was determined in our excavations at Nasik (Sankalia and Deo 1955); Subsequent explorations and excavations of selec...

Several articles reporting radiocarbon dates of Early Bronze Age (EB) material from excavations in the southern Levant have been published over the last 30 yr. The excavations conducted at Tell el-Hesi have produced material from which 2 additional 14C dates have been extracted to date. The 2 samples confirm the EB dating of Field VI material and suggest EB III settlement at Hesi might be earli...

Obi-Rakhmat Grotto is situated 100 km northeast of Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan. The site was first studied in the 1960s and excavations through the 1970s yielded more than 40,000 stone artifacts. Excavations were renewed in 1998 with the goal of clarifying the archaeological, geological and environmental sequence. Based on studies of the 1998-1999 collections and a sample of artifacts with...

Recent excavations made by University of Lecce in Piazzetta Epulione and Piazza Castromediano (Lecce) have produced structures and artifacts related to metal-working. Most of the evidence dates back to the Roman period; traces of metallurgical activity can also be traced to the periods preceding and following the Roman period. Iron slags and semi-finished objects have been found in Piazzetta Ep...