our ancestors without fear, worry and anxiety are not our ancestors, as organisms without defense systems were extinct. therefore, while behavior such as fear and anxiety are useful to prevent harm, the exaggerated form, that is, anxiety disorders, has more costs than benefits. likewise, while a panic attack is a normal and useful response in the face of life-threatening danger, a panic disorde...

this research is a new attempt in order to study the effect of evolution theory in the dimension of empirical ethics. in the contemporary area the evolutionary ethics is in the three branches: descriptive, prescriptive and meta-ethics. the descriptive evolutionary ethics tries to modify human’s ethical believes in the evolutionary aspect and achieves more share from two others part in this grou...

Bayesian evolutionary analysis provide a statistically sound and flexible framework for estimation of evolutionary parameters. In this method, posterior estimates of evolutionary rate (μ) are derived by combining evolutionary information in the data with researcher’s prior knowledge about the true value of μ. Nucleotide sequence samples of fast evolving pathogens that are taken at d...

‎financial market modeling and prediction is a difficult problem and drastic changes of the price causes nonlinear dynamic that makes the price prediction one of the most challenging tasks for economists‎. ‎since markets always have been interesting for traders‎, ‎many traders with various beliefs are highly active in a market‎. ‎the competition among two agents of traders‎, ‎namely trend follo...

background: stearoyl-coa desaturase (scd) is a key enzyme that converts saturated fatty acids (sfas) to monounsaturated fatty acids (mufas) in fat biosynthesis. despite being crucial for interpreting scds’ roles across species, the evolutionary relationship of scd proteins across species has yet to be elucidated. this study aims to present this evolutionary relationship based on amino acid sequ...

in the present work, the effects of operating conditions including ph, transmembrane pressure, oil concentration, and temperature on fouling resistance and the rejection of turbidity for a polymeric membrane in an ultrafiltration system of wastewater treatment were studied. a new modeling technique called evolutionary polynomial regression (epr) was investigated. epr is a method based on regres...

in order to survey the evolutionary history and impact of historical events on the genetic structure of iranian people, the hv2 region of 141 mtdna sequences related to six iranian populations were analyzed. slight and non-significant fst distances among the central-western persian speaking populations of iran testify to the common origin of these populations from one proto-population. mismatch...

in this study, a multi-objective genetic algorithm (moga) is utilized to extract interpretable and compact fuzzy rule bases for modeling nonlinear multi-input multi-output (mimo) systems. in the process of non- linear system identi cation, structure selection, parameter estimation, model performance and model validation are important objectives. furthermore, se- curing low-level and high-level ...