In this article, from the tunnels that infect underground part of vegetable crops: turnip moth (Agrotis segetum Den.et Schiff), cut worm (A. exclamationis. L.), turn black-C (Xestia c-nigrum wild (Euxoa agricola V.), gamma (Mamestra suasa Schiff.), tobacco obesa B.) and epsolon ipsilon Rotl) encounter was detected. Underground cutworms damage to tomatoes is estimated at 6-10% in Navoi, Bukhara ...

Three new and atypical species of Afrotropical Calamoncosis are described: Calamoncosis agricola sp. n. (type locality- South Africa: 15 km E Klaserie); Calamoncosis flavida sp. n. (type locality-South Africa: Roodewal); and Calamoncosis unicornis sp. n. (type locality-South Africa: 15 km E Klaserie). Calamoncosis unicornis exhibits extreme modification and sexual dimorphism in the antenna; in ...

The genus Metecia Snellen (Noctuidae. Noctuinae) from Southern Argentina and Chile is redescribed and three species are recognized: M. cornifrons Snellen, M. lacustris (Köhler) n. comb., and M. hypothetica (Köhler) n. comb. In addition, Euxoa pampeana Köhler is synonymized with Metecia cornifrons. Adults and male and female genitalia are described and illustrated for the first time, and a key t...

Satis cing is a hugely in uential model of boundedly rational choice, yet it cannot be easily tested using standard choice data. We develop necessary and su cient conditions for stochastic choice data to be consistent with satis cing, assuming that preferences are xed, but search order may change randomly. The model predicts that stochastic choice can only occur amongst elements that are always...