alkyl imidazolines have been reportedly used in a wide range of industrial formulations with different applications. ethoxylated alkyl imidazolines with appropriate ethoxylation degrees can be used as antioxidants and retarders in the formation of peroxides resulting from oxidation in hydrocarbon media. in this work, ethoxylated imidazolines were shown to be more effective in hydrocarbon media ...

Alkyl imidazolines have been reportedly used in a wide range of industrial formulations with different applications. Ethoxylated alkyl imidazolines with appropriate ethoxylation degrees can be used as antioxidants and retarders in the formation of peroxides resulting from oxidation in hydrocarbon media. In this work, ethoxylated imidazolines were shown to be more effective in hydrocarbon media ...

Separation of alkyl sulfate ethoxymers is investigated on various high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) stationary phases: Acclaim C18 Surfactant, Surfactant C8, and Hypercarb. For a fixed alkyl chain length, ethoxymers are eluted in the order of increasing number of ethoxylated units on Acclaim C18 Surfactant, whereas a reversed elution order is observed on Surfactant C8 and Hypercarb....

A series of novel 2-alkylidene imidazolines has been synthesized from imidazolium halides and substituted alkyl halides in the presence of base. The resultant exocyclic enediamines have been characterized and their nucleophilicity has been evaluated upon NMR spectroscopic data and substitution reactions.

Nonionic surfactants are amphipathic molecules consisting of a hydrophobic (alkylated phenol derivatives, fatty acids, longchain linear alcohols, etc.) and a hydrophilic part (generally ethylene oxide chains of various length). Although not as important commercially, tertiary amine and various sugar surfactants are also nonionic surfactants. Due to their favorable physicochemical properties, no...

The size and shape of micelles formed by dimeric polyoxyethylene (nonionic gemini) surfactants having the structure (Cn-2H2n-3CHCH2(OCH2CH2)mOH)2(CH2)6 with alkyl and ethoxy chain lengths ranging from n = 12-20 and m = 5-30 have been determined using small angle neutron scattering (SANS). The surfactants are polydisperse in the hydrophilic groups but otherwise analogous to the widely studied mo...

We describe the palladium-catalyzed multicomponent synthesis of 2-imidazolines. This reaction proceeds via the coupling of imines, acid chlorides and carbon monoxide to form imidazolinium carboxylates, followed by a decarboxylation. Decarboxylation in CHCl(3) is found to result in a mixture of imidazolinium and imidazolium salts. However, the addition of benzoic acid suppresses aromatization, a...

Assessment of aquatic effects requires the derivation of a predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC). In the framework of the Dutch ‘‘Plan of Action Laundry and Cleaning Products,’’ PNECs were derived for linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS), alcohol ethoxylates (AE), alcohol ethoxylated sulfates (AES), and soap. All stages in an aquatic effects assessment were used: initial (assessment factors ...

The finding by scientists at Hoffmann-La Roche that cis-imidazolines could disrupt the protein-protein interaction between p53 and MDM2, thereby inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, raised considerable interest in this scaffold over the past decade. Initial routes to these small molecules (i.e., Nutlin-3) provided only the racemic form, with enantiomers being enriched by chromatographic separati...