In the present research, synthesis of butyl oleate ester from oleic acid and butanol using loofa-immobilized Rhizopus oryzae as a whole cell biocatalyst (LIC) was studied in which hexane was used as the hydrophobic solvent. Decrease of mass transfer limitations as result of the interface formation between the two immiscible substrates, positively affected on the reaction progress (87% as the es...

deprotection of phosphate, phosphate, and sulfite esters by silica chloride is described. silica chloride is a mild, selective, and effective reagent for cleavage of benzyl and t-butyl esters of the above compounds.

COMPOUNDS which influence Robison ester formation from glycogen and inorganic phosphate in muscle extract may act either on the first step: glycogen + inorganic phosphate='glucose-l-phosphate (Cori ester)-or on the second step: Cori ester-+hexose-6-phosphate (Robison ester), or on both these steps. Several factors which increase or inhibit Robison ester formation could be shown to act on one or...

results of the bromination and dehydrobromination of several angular methylated decalindiones are described. the key reaction, base-induced cyclization of the monobromo keto ester (3), and the dibromo ketone (4), leads to the formation of tricyclic systems (6) and (9) respectively.

Results of the bromination and dehydrobromination of several angular methylated decalindiones are described. The key reaction, base-induced cyclization of the monobromo keto ester (3), and the dibromo ketone (4), leads to the formation of tricyclic systems (6) and (9) respectively.

It has been known for some time (Hansen, 1891) that organic esters may be produced in small amounts by some microorganisms as byproducts in their utilization of organic compounds. A detailed review of the literature to 1922 on aroma producing microorganisms is given by Omelianski (1923). The taxonomy of the yeast genus Hansenula, which contains species producing the greatest yields of ester, is...