Understanding growth patterns at the metropolitan level is instructive for better planning and policy making on sustainable urban development. Using DMSP/OLS data from 1992 to 2013, this article aims to investigate growth patterns of major metropolitans in Mainland China from the aspects of intensification and expansion. We start by calibrating the DMSP/OLS data and selecting 45 major metropoli...

Deducing trip related information from web-scale datasets has received large amounts of attention recently. Identifying points of interest (POIs) in geo-tagged photos is one of these problems. The problem can be viewed as a standard clustering problem of partitioning two dimensional objects. In this work, we study spectral clustering which is the first attempt for the POIs identification. Howev...

the space structure that governs cities has depended on several corresponding relations and various factors which consist of: population, job and activities, transportation patterns, urban sub-structures, various services and etc that always were connected to each other and have formed its space structure. but since these relations are more complicated in big cities, the importance of paying at...

The highly dynamic and complex nature of today’s metropolitans requires that any “service provision” of their municipality be fast, economical, and of high quality. This goal could only be reached through cooperating or interoperating applications. Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) are indispensable from this respect. Enabling Application-to-Application (A2A) integration, Services Oriented Arc...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its causative factors has been estimated more frequently in elder population, women, and patients with osteoporosis in different countries, but this issue is less defined in male population within different age groups especially in Asian countries. Therefore, we studied the role of effective factors in vitamin D deficiency and its prevalence...

By shouldering the burden of a big chunk of global production, and giving Shelter to half of the world’s population, currently cities play an important role in national economies. Benefits of agglomeration in cities have played a major role in the process of economic development of different countries, however, the expansion of urbanization has produced some problems including environmental and...