Background and aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health challenge worldwide, with adverse consequences of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and premature death. Chronic kidney disease leads to the end stage of renal disease (ESRD), if late/not diagnosed. Competing risk modeling is a major issue in Epidemiology research. In Epidemiology study, sometimes inappropriate met...

BACKGROUND In many studies, it is of interest to identify population subgroups that are relatively homogeneous with respect to an outcome. The nature of these subgroups can provide insight into effect mechanisms and suggest targets for tailored interventions. However, identifying relevant subgroups can be challenging with standard statistical methods. MAIN TEXT We review the literature on dec...

background: unintentional drug intoxication is still a major cause of mortality and morbidity in young children. method & materials: in order to study changes of epidemiological indices of children intoxication during a 10-year period in hamadan province, all cases admitted to ghaem hospital from 1995-1999 were recruited, and compared with all cases admitted to the same hospital from 1990-1994....

evidence provided from studies in iran points to a possible bias in application of the standard epi cluster sampling procedure, when carried out in populations with highly variant birth rates, tends to over-represent the low birth rate, i.e. higher socio-economic, strata, and if the entity under study shows significant socio-economic gradient, then the estimates arrived at by this method might ...