tourism has traditionally been implemented by means of different motivators. tourism began in 1330 and the ecotourism is the main reason for the development of personality and promotion of cultures. circulating in the nature is a course of thinking for scientists in islam. ecotourism is a branch of tourism and it enters the world of its literature in 1970. ecotourism has been doubled in compari...

introduction environment is a pervasive platform for all the living creatures, which is exposed to multiple challenges, especially with the increasing rate of urbanization; levels and dimensions of these threats have increased. scientific activities in a publishing form such as reports and articles is an accepted procedure between various scientific fields. documents, reports and articles are s...

during the 1960s, the relatively new approaches like environmental warfare and intentional environmental deterioration came in to the global security and strategic literature. till now, through different conventional and unconventional wars, the governments have imposed intentional and unintentional adverse effects on the environment some of which are lasting for decades. the application of wea...

The detection of faint astronomical signals is limited by natural environmental factors and by artificially generated nuisances, such as radio interference and light pollution. The interference can be mitigated by choosing to locate observatories at places where the natural interference is minimised, and by controlling the nuisance emissions. This article describes the range of the nuisances fo...

in this paper, we introduce environmental systems engineering (ese) and describe some of its applications combined with process systems engineering (pse) to problems related to environmental systems. these systems—the water cycle and ecosystem cycles—are complex and highly dynamic, with an uncertainty level comparable to that of chemical systems. to illustrate the challenges of applying pse to...

introduction the current environmental challenges one of the main concern of is humanity. the issue of when more added concern has been associated with complications. research suggests the environmental challenges are rooted in factors in the different levels of global, regional and local levels are considered. in this case although many studies have been in different aspects of urban environme...