the us, not only failed to predict the occurrence of the middle east revolutions but also failed to understand the depth and the probability of its spread to other countries. while washington was engaged in tactical initiatives in confronting the islamic awakening, the islamic republic of iran took the creativity of a strategic game in hand. this was a three-step profile raised by the supreme l...

abstract controversy has not been yet resolved among l2 researchers as how to enhance higher-order thinking skills (hotss) in efl contexts. responding to the growing need to foster thinking skills, many l2 educators have recently attempted to investigate the effect of diverse teaching strategies on hots. yet, few studies have focused on the infusion of gardner’s (1999) theory of multiple intell...

Abstract Controversy has not been yet resolved among L2 researchers as how to enhance higher-order thinking skills (HOTSs) in EFL contexts. Responding to the growing need to foster thinking skills, many L2 educators have recently attempted to investigate the effect of diverse teaching strategies on HOTS. Yet, few studies have focused on the infusion of Gardner’s (1999) theory of multiple intell...

This paper asks how the vision community can contribute to the goal of achieving perceptually lossless image fidelity with maximum compression. In order to maintain a sharp focus the discussion is restricted to the JPEG-DCT image compression standard. The numerous problems that confront vision researchers entering the field of image compression are discussed. Special attention is paid to the co...

For a long time, robotic arms have been a common sight in many industries. Now, robots are rapidly entering architectural education. Within the past few years, more than 20 architectural faculties throughout the world have set up experimental labs with one or more robotic arms. This paper will discuss the use of robots in education beyond the scope of CNC fabrication, as open interfaces that co...

The long-held but erroneous assumption of never-ending rapid growth in biomedical science has created an unsustainable hypercompetitive system that is discouraging even the most outstanding prospective students from entering our profession--and making it difficult for seasoned investigators to produce their best work. This is a recipe for long-term decline, and the problems cannot be solved wit...

This study sought to promote EFL learners' speaking ability drawing on Bakhtin’s notion of dialogic discourse pattern (DDP) and to explore their perceptions towards implementing dialogic teaching (DT) in a speaking classroom. To this end, from the population of students in different language institutes, 47 students were selected based on a purposive sampling method. The data were collected at t...

Text analysis traditions in France and the United States include discourse analysis, critical linguistics, French functional linguistics, Bakhtinian dialogics, and “generous reading.” These frames have not been used, however, in crosscultural analysis of university student writing. The author presents a study of 250 student texts from French and U.S. introductory university courses, using a met...

Dialogic reading is an evidence-based intervention to promote the language skills of 2and 3-year-old children. This study examined conditions under which dialogic reading could be implemented in a community setting. Three methods of instruction were compared: (a) in-person with video instruction in small groups, (b) self-instruction by video with telephone follow-up and, (c) self-instruction by...