Complex networks are used to describe interactions in many real world systems, including economic, biological and social systems. An analysis was done of inter-student friendship, enmity and kinship relationships at three elementary schools by building social networks of these relationships and studying their properties. Friendship network measurements were similar between schools and produced ...

Sloane’s influential On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences is an indispensable research tool in the service of the mathematical community. The sequence A001611 listing the “Fibonacci numbers + 1” contains a very large number of references and links. The sequence A000071 for the “Fibonacci numbers −1” contains an even larger number. Strangely, resentment seems to prevail between the two sequ...

Social interactions can exhibit either positive or negative linkages, resulting in the abstraction of “signed graphs” or “signed social networks.” The social balance theory implies that a signed social network tends to converge to a balanced state where all individuals are divided into two cohesive groups that are antagonistic to each other. In this paper, we take this implication as a premise,...

The purpose of this study is to critically evaluate three scholarly perspectives -balance of power, institutional, and security complex -to examine the evolving dynamics of security interdependence and inter-state relations among Southeast Asian states and external powers since 1945. This study is thus a comparative evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the three methods in their empiri...

during the past 500 years, iran and russia have experienced many ups and downs in their relations which have been accompanied with enmity and amity. these relations varied from cooperation under the safavids to enmity, war and interventions under the qajar dynasty, then to hostile and sometimes friendly relations under the pahlavi rule, and finally to collaborations within the past two decades ...

Abstract Politically motivated crime against a person is characterised by the fact that victims are interchangeable in sense individuals seen as representatives of their social or ethnic group. The current study examines whether existence group-focused enmity (GFE) linked to perpetration discriminatory behaviour, form politically crime, which considered classic example attitude–behaviour relati...