I have been as puzzled about this comment as Zavadsky was about my writings. What I was puzzled about was, which of my ideas or concepts were considered by Zavadsky to be so close to those of the dialectical materialists. I have been wondering about this for the past 30 years and I think I have gradually come close to an answer. In this I have been helped by a number of publications, particular...

About the author. . . . Frederick Engels (1820-1895), as the son of a German textile manufacturer who owned factories in England, became so concerned about fate of textile workers he published The Condition of the Working Classes in England. He saw the textile worker as a new societal force leading to a rational ordering of social life, superseding capitalism. In collaboration with Karl Marx, E...

This paper has four related themes. It demonstrates that Marx’s Communism in its first or Socialist phase would recognize the essential inequality of labour on grounds of efficiency and growth. It offers an explanation for the apparent paradox that Marx and Engels championed a fully-fledged control system notwithstanding appreciation of the allocation functions of a competitive market system. I...

The separation of the contributions to the theory and practice of socialism by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels was not seriously posited during their lifetimes, but only in the following generation. The separation, as opposed to the contributions of their entire working lives, of the respective quality of thinking in either case, was a matter of which Engels was conscious, for he wrote: "Marx wa...

Despite his conviction on a morals charge involving a boy, the early German Social Democrat Johann Baptist von Schweitzer went on to have a successful political career. His life furnishes the context to present remarks by his political opponents Marx and Engels, which reveal their deep-seated homophobia. It is pointed out that this has been glossed over by the translations of the recently publi...

In this paper, we will show dichotomy theorems for the computation of polynomials corresponding to evaluation of graph homomorphisms in Valiant’s model. We are given a fixed graph H and want to find all graphs, from some graph class, homomorphic to this H. These graphs will be encoded by a family of polynomials. We give dichotomies for the polynomials for cycles, cliques, trees, outerplanar gra...