The reproductive season is energetically costly as revealed by elevated glucocorticoid concentrations, constrained immune functions and an increased risk of infections. Social allies and affiliative interactions may buffer physiological stress responses and thereby alleviate associated effects. In the present study, we investigated the seasonal differences of immune reactive corticosterone meta...

Recent multigene phylogenetic analyses have contributed much to our understanding of eukaryotic phylogeny. However, the phylogenetic positions of various lineages within the eukaryotes have remained unresolved or in conflict between different phylogenetic studies. These phylogenetic ambiguities might have resulted from mixtures or integration from various factors including limited taxon samplin...

L. heterotoma females inject VLPs along with their eggs into the hemocoel of the Drosophila larva. The VLPs destroy lamellocytes that are potentially harmful for the parasite eggs, but the other types of host hemocytes retain their functions. The parasitized third instar Drosophila larvae continue to grow and pupariate, showing no outward adverse effects. Minimum disruption to the growth and de...

The recent recolonisation of the Central European lowland (CEL) by the grey wolf (Canis lupus) provides an excellent opportunity to study the effect of founder events on endoparasite diversity. Which role do prey and predator populations play in the re-establishment of endoparasite life cycles? Which intrinsic and extrinsic factors control individual endoparasite diversity in an expanding host ...

The prevalence of endoparasites was evaluated in 619 dogs and 153 cats in the Calgary, Alberta region. Both homed and shelter-sourced pets were evaluated, and prevalence was assessed in various age groups. The overall endoparasite prevalence was 16.5% in canine samples and 7.2% in feline samples. The most common intestinal parasites in dogs were Giardia (8.1%) and ascarids (4.2%). The most comm...

clinical signs, para-clinical tests and gross lesion can be used for identification of parasite contamination. in most parasite contamination the clinical signs are not obvious. thus, para-clinical tests and gross lesion play important roles in identifying parasite disease as all organs of animals such as skin, eyes, kidneys, liver and digestive tube can be affected by the parasites. consequent...

background : this study was aimed to collect wild rodents for endoparasites determination in some parts of sistan and baluchistan province, southeastern iran nearby pakistan and afghanistan countries. methods : a total of 100 wild rodents were captured alive with cage traps. various samples were collected from blood and feces, also impression smear prepared from different organs. the samples we...

in many parts of the world there is a rich tradition in the use of herbal medicine for the treatment of many infectious diseases. because of the side effects and the resistance that pathogenic microorganisms build against the antibiotics, much recent attention has been paid to extract the biologically active compounds from plant species used in herbal medicine. in this study different parts of ...

Parasites have the potential to severely reduce host reproductive success. However, the effects of endoparasites on reproductive success have not received the same amount of attention as the effects of parasites on host survival. We investigated the relationship between an avian endoparasite (gapeworm, Syngamus trachea) and both current and future reproductive success of female house sparrows (...

Atricordyceps harposporifera gen. et sp. nov. (Clavicipitales) was found growing on the cadaver of an arthropod, possibly a millipede. An anamorph morphologically indistinguishable from Harposporium anguillulae, a nematode endoparasite, formed in cultures derived from single ascospores.