Encephaloceles, while a common entity affecting 1:4000 live births, typically occur in the occipital region. Encephaloceles involving the frontal region comprise only 15% of all cases. Naso-orbital encephaloceles are rarely seen. Our case profiles a child born at term with an atrial septal defect (ASD), micrognathia, cleft lip, and frontonasal as well as bilateral naso-orbital encephaloceles. A...

Background: Encephaloceles result from failure of the surface ectoderm to separate from the neuroectoderm. We aimed to review the data of cases with occipital encephalocele. Case report: Patient records were reviewed retrospectively for encephalocele. The clinical, radiological and surgical data were evaluated. Five female newborns with occipital encephaloceles were included. All but one mother...

An encephalocele is a protrusion of the brain and/or meninges through a defect in the skull that is closed or covered with skin. Occipital encephaloceles are the most frequent type in North America and Western Europe, where about 85% of encephaloceles take this form. To the best of our knowledge, there are only three other reported cases of double occipital encephaloceles in the literature. The...

Frontoethmoidal encephaloceles are herniations of the intracranial contents through a defect in the skull at the junction of the frontal and ethmoidal bones. They are generally classified as nasofrontal, nasoethmoidal, and naso-orbital, although there may be some overlap or multiplicity. The records of 35 patients treated for frontoethmoidal encephaloceles were examined. Of these, 12 cases with...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To describe our experience and current management approach for congenital nasal neuroglial heterotopia (NGH) and encephaloceles. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 1970 to 2013. METHODS Thirty patients met inclusion criteria: 21 NGH and nine encephaloceles. Data including demographics, pathology, imaging modality, surgical app...

Abstract Background Encephaloceles are cystic congenital malformations in which central nervous system (CNS) structures, communication with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pathways, herniate through a defect the cranium. Hydrocephalus occurs 60–90% of patients occipital encephaloceles. Objective Assessment surgical management hydrocephalus associated encephalocele and its effect on clinical outcome. ...

The basal encephaloceles refer to rare entities and they correspond to herniation of brain tissue through defects of skull along the cribiform plate or the sphenoid bone. A rare morning glory syndrome, with characteristic retinal defect has been reported in association with basal encephaloceles. Hypophysis hormonal deficiencies may occur. We accounted for a pituitary dwarfism with delayed diagn...

Free and informed consent was obtained from the child’s mother, and the Research Ethics Committee has approved the present study publication. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated metopic suture diastasis characterizing hypertelorism, and an empty sella turcica occupied by a cystic image. Magthrough the foramen cecum over the cribriform plate of the ethmoid. The second group includes basal ence...