international experiences reveal that promotion of gender equality paves the way for developmental achievements in a way that it ensures equal living standards and human rights for all individuals. nowadays gender equality is not only one of the principles of human rights but is emphasized for alleviating poverty, upgrading living standards and stabilizing economy. the relation between democrac...

The proper method for branch removal is a long-standing question in forestry. If the branch is cut flush with the stem, a larger wound results, but if the branch is cut further from the stem, the resultant clearwood production will be less. Both alternatives have implications for tree health and wood quality. A long, international history of forest pruning research generally indicates that a cu...

islamic feminism and the feminist movement that has influenced the west in recent decades have spread in muslim countries, including iran, to such an extent that most supporters of women`s rights introduce themselves as muslim feminist and try to present a new comment of traditional and original understanding of islamic teachings in harmony with their claims. the most important foundations of i...

“occupy wall street” movement which has aimed the heart of the global financial capitalist system enjoys a special significance in the perspective of social-economic- political, human rights (work force), moral and cultural heritage of nations and can be considered as a symbol of work force economic jihad in national and global level in order to realize justice and socio-economic equality. but ...

this paper is an inquiry concerning the function of religion in tocqueville’s theory of democracy. in analyzing the ideology of democracy in america, he stated that religion plays an important role in establishing democracy, protecting it against threats such as materialism, individualism, tyranny of majority, focusing of power, and restriction of freedom versus equality. tocqueville explains t...

This paper explores how government preferences affect the choices of capital tax rates in the presence of tax competition. We develop a model in which governments, differentiating in their preferences for economic development and regional equality, compete for mobile capital over corporation taxes. The key prediction of the model, borne out in data from OECD countries over the years 1990-2007, ...

In this paper, first we define the notion of involutive operator on bounded involutive equality algebras and by using it, we introduce a new class of equality algebras that we called it a tense like equality algebra. Then we investigate some properties of tense like equality algebra. For two involutive bounded equality algebras and an equality homomorphism between them, we prove that the tense ...

Models of culture are operationalized as individualism and collectivism and have not given sufficient attention to other organizing axes—especially how a society handles power, dependence, and equality. Shavitt, Lalwani, Zhang, and Torelli (2006) make a significant contribution by first reminding the field of power distance (Hofstede, 1980) and then moving beyond a single factor to highlight be...