the success rate of embryo production critically depends on several factors. one of the pivotal factors is a technique used for the whole procedure of in vitro fertilization (ivf) and in vitro embryo culture (ivc) (1, 2). besides the technique selected for ivf / in vitro embryo production (ivep), there is an important consideration called ivf/ivep culture dishes disinfection (3). for many years...

Different livestock sectors as beef industries get benefit from the production of male animals while dairy industries get benefit from the milk production by the female animals. Therefore, it is obvious need to produce the animals of desired sex which can be achieved by predetermining the sex of conceptus at the time of conception i.e. pre determination of sex may be of great economic importanc...

background:   objective: the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of rabbit antiserum to es cells on mouse preimplantation embryo development and chimera production.   materials and methods: mouse 4-cell embryos were matured in vitro at 37.5 o c, in humidified 5% co 2 atmosphere for 12-36 h. the embryos were cultured in ksom medium with or without antiserum for 12-36 h. the ratios...

background to current knowledge, different oocyte's recovery method and various seasons have profound impact on in vitro embryo production (ivep). objectives the aim of this study was to define an efficient recovery method for oocytes harvesting from slaughterhouse material in different seasons, and their effects on ivep yield. materials and methods ovaries from slaughtered ewes in breeding sea...

flame seedless is one of the most important and commercial table grape cultivar that is used for breeding program due to its specific characteristics of fruit high production. in order to breed new seedless grape cultivars and with considering importance of selecting seedless varieties as a female parent to increase the production rate of seedless offspring in a breeding cycle, embryo rescue te...

the aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of stage of embryonic development, embryo quality and the time of transfer on pregnancy rate in embryo transfer program timed. we were worked a total of 23holsteincowsasembryo donors, super-ovulated with gonadotropin of pregnant mare serum (pmsg) (2500 3000ui).69 cows were used as recipients of holstein dairy heifers with an age of20 months and...

Studies in reproductive biotechnology techniques have been minimal in South American camelids (SAC). Complex reproductive characteristics of these species contribute to slow progress. Nevertheless, some techniques, such as in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic sperm injection and nuclear transfer have been applied and have produced advances in knowledge on embryo environment and in vitro con...

This study involves in vitro androgenesis of Zea mays L. via anther culture. In the first experiment, three embryo induction media were tested in ETH-M82 genotype of maize. The results showed that the embryo structures were established 2 to 3 weeks after culturing the anthers. The effect of induction medium was signifi­cant for embryo frequencies. The obtained results confirm that the induction...

abstract to produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, whole flower explants were collected at two sampling stages of i, iii. to produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, ms medium supplemented with 5 and 10µm 2,4-d and 2µm bap were used. for embryo differentiation, ms medium with 0.5mg/l iba, ms medium without any plant growth regulators, ms medium with 2mg/l iba and 0.2mg/l bap, ms m...