towelve calves of 4-10 months old with clinical signs suspected to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection were selected for this study. histopathologic sections were performed on formalin fixed paraffin-embded ear notch biopsies, mounted on poly-l-lysine coated slides and stained for bvdv by anti-bvdv monoclonal antibody labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate. stained sections were exam...

The diagnostic ability of antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (AC-ELISA) and immunohistochemistry using two enzymes labels, alkaline phosphatase (AP) and peroxidase (P), to detect bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) persistent infection (PI) was assessed using serum and ear notch biopsy pairs (n= 469) collected from 12 Holstein dairy herds located in Charlottetown, Canada. The sampled an...

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection is an important viral infection affecting the cattle industry today. The prevalence of this infection in South African feedlots is unknown. Ear notch biopsies were collected from chronic poor doers and animals that appeared unthrifty upon entering feedlots, as well as animals entering the hospital pen with respiratory disease for the first time....

OBJECTIVE To explain a clinical observation: a notch in the stimulus spectrum during transient evoked otoacoustic emission measurement in ears with secretory otitis media. METHODS The effects of tympanic under-pressure were investigated using a pressure chamber. A model of the ear canal was also studied. RESULTS Tympanic membrane reflectance increased as a consequence of increased stiffness...

The present study was designed to investigate the correlation among the number of hair cells in inner ear, Notch-1 gene expression levels and its methylation status of the promoter region in the postnatal mice. The hair cells in inner ear were collected from postnatal mice at day 0, 4, 8 and 16 and counted by immunofluorescence. Notch-1 mRNA expression were measured by real-time quantitative po...

The sensory patches in the ear of a vertebrate can be compared with the mechanosensory bristles of a fly. This comparison has led to the discovery that lateral inhibition mediated by the Notch cell-cell signaling pathway, first characterized in Drosophila and crucial for bristle development, also has a key role in controlling the pattern of sensory hair cells and supporting cells in the ear. We...

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of audiograms that are notched (1) at 4,000 Hz and (2) at 3,000, 4,000, and/or 6,000 Hz. Bilateral audiograms from 1,000,001 veterans were obtained from Department of Veterans Affairs archives; after "cleaning" algorithms were applied, 744,553 participants (mean age = 63.5 yr) were included in the 4,000 Hz notch analysi...

The Notch signaling pathway is thought to regulate multiple stages of inner ear development. Mutations in the Notch signaling pathway cause disruptions in the number and arrangement of hair cells and supporting cells in sensory regions of the ear. In this study we identify an insertional mutation in the mouse Sfswap gene, a putative splicing factor, that results in mice with vestibular and coch...

Bovine viral diarrhea viruses are economically important pathogens of cattle. Most infections in susceptible animals are acquired from animals persistently infected with the virus. Surveillance programs rely on skin biopsies of persistently infected (PI) cattle to detect the infection. The purpose of this study was to compare antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ACE) testing resul...

The cochlea and vestibular structures of the inner ear labyrinth develop from the otic capsule via step-wise regional and cell fate specification. Each inner ear structure contains a sensory epithelium, composed of hair cells, the mechanosensory transducers, and supporting cells. We examined the spatio-temporal expression of genes in the Notch signaling pathway, Notch receptors (Notch1-4) and t...