a complete linear theory in four dimensional space-time is constructed for propagation and coupling of electromagnetic waves in the most general case, i.e. media where all three space directions are in homogeneous and where temporal changes, anisotropy and absorbtion are also included. the only condition is that the properties of the medium should be slowly varying, although it is assumed that ...

High speed and absence of a precise control over pressure distribution confine sheet Electromagnetic Forming into a die to simple shapes having shallow depth. It is possible to reach a higher depth by using a convex punch instead of a concave die. In this study, sheet Electromagnetic Forming on a punch and sheet Electromagnetic Forming into a die are investigated. The electromagnetic part of th...

The semi-classical model of atom-field interaction has been fully studied for some multilevel atoms, e.g. Vee, L, Cascade X , Y, and inverted Y and so on. This issue is developed into the full-quantum electrodynamics formalism, where the probe and coupling electromagnetic fields are quantized. In this article, we investigate the full-quantum model of absorption and dispersion spectrum of trappe...

The mutual coupling in a uniform linear array (ULA) of dipoles is calculated using basic electromagnetic concepts. Since the coupling often is unknown and needs to be estimated, a simpler model is proposed based on the electromagnetic analysis. The parameterization of this model is shown to be locally unambiguous. A necessary condition for the joint solution of directions and coupling parameter...

the semi-classical model of atom-field interaction has been fully studied for some multilevel atoms, e.g. vee, l, cascade x , y, and inverted y and so on. this issue is developed into the full-quantum electrodynamics formalism, where the probe and coupling electromagnetic fields are quantized. in this article, we investigate the full-quantum model of absorption and dispersion spectrum of trappe...