according to environmental protection organization of iran, maximum permissible concentration of residual phosphorus in treated municipal wastewater is 1 mg /l-p. the total average phosphorus concentration in raw municipal wastewater is about 8 mg / l; about 70 percent of the incoming phosphorus normally is discharged with secondary treatment plant effluents. in this research, the role of addin...

This paper describes a microfluidics-based sensing system that relies on electrochemical detection and electrogenerated chemiluminescent (ECL) reporting. The important result is that the ECL reporting reaction is chemically decoupled from the electrochemical sensing reaction. That is, the electrochemical sensing reaction does not participate directly in the ECL process, but because electrochemi...

An electrochemical cell coupled with a recycle loop through a transmission FTIR cell is employed in studies of two free radical organic reactions, the oxidation of allylic alcohols and the trifluoromethylation of heteroarenes. Rapid mixing through the recycle loop allows continuous monitoring of reaction progress. Electrochemical generation of free radicals allows their controlled mediation int...

Development of an in situ technique for measuring electrochemical impedance spectra in real time during an electrochemical experiment is described. The technique is based on staircase voltammetry with relatively large step heights, in which a series of increasing potential steps are applied to an electrochemical system, and the resulting currents are sampled. The first derivatives of the curren...

The wish to determine thermodynamic data of electrochemical reactions and of the involved compounds is one of the most important motivations to perform electrochemical measurements. After calorimetry, electrochemistry is the second most important tool to determine thermodynamic data. Although ab initio quantum chemical calculations can be used for the calculation of thermodynamic data of small ...

Electrochemical oxidation of resorcinol in aqueous medium using boron-doped diamond anode (BDD) was investigated in a batch electrochemical reactor in the presence of Na2SO4 supporting electrolyte. The effect of process parameters such as resorcinol concentration (100-500 g/L), current density (2-10 mA/cm2), Na2SO4 concentration (0-20 g/L), and reaction temperature (25-45°C) was analyzed on ele...

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is frequently used for the study of electrochemical reactions and associated mechanisms phenomena. To a specific reaction, it important to choose DC potential at which measured impedance data carries information mostly related that reaction. One first questions asked was: different potentials, reaction contributes most recorded spectra, cathodic or a...

Measuring electrochemical activities of nanomaterials is critical for creating novel catalysts, for developing ultrasensitive sensors, and for understanding fundamental nanoelectrochemistry. However, traditional electrochemical methods measure a large number of nanoparticles, which wash out the properties of individual nanoparticles. We report here a study of transient electrochemical oxidation...