Malfunction of relay protection is one of the main causes of the serious failures that periodically occur in power systems all over the world. According to the North American Electric Reliability Council [1] in 74 % cases the reason for heavy failures in power systems was the incorrect actions of relay protection in trying to avoid the failure. Thus the reliability of a power system depends on ...

Electric fish generate different types of abrupt modulations of their electric organ discharge (EOD) rhythm to convey specific social signals. Intracellular recordings were made from neurons of the medullary pacemaker nucleus, which generates and transmits the rhythm that drives the EOD, to study the neuronal basis of two such modulations of the regular EOD rhythm, sudden accelerations, and abr...

Efficacy of using a wireless relay node (WRN) to minimize total power dissipation in transmission of a layered video between two devices is presented. It is analytically shown that there is a feasible relay region that would have lower power consumption than direct transmission depending on both the encoding rate of each layer and received signal power level for provisioning required bit error ...

This paper considers a sensor network where relay nodes cooperate in order to minimize the total energy consumption for the unicast transmission of a message from a single source to a single destination. We assume Destination Energy Accumulation, i.e., the destination can accumulate the energy of multiple copies of the message, each of which is too weak to be reliably decoded by itself, while t...

In this paper, we investigate the energy problem of monitoring sensors on high-voltage power transmission lines and propose a wireless charging scheme for a Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) sensor tag to solve a commercial efficiency problem: the maintenance-caused power outage. Considering the environmental influences on power transmission lines, a self-powered wireless energy relay is de...

An understanding of how the nervous system processes an impulse-like input to yield a stereotyped, species-specific electromotor output is relevant for electric fish physiology, but also for understanding the general mechanisms of coordination of effector patterns. In pulse gymnotids, the electromotor system is repetitively activated by impulse-like signals generated by a pacemaker nucleus in t...