the article examines the relationship between tort damages for personal injury and social security benefits in iranian law with a comparative view on english and french law. amongst four potential policies (cumulation, reduction, election and recoupment), the statutory provisions of iranian law have chosen the latter one. but in practice these texts have paradoxically lead to a fifth excessive ...

Mr. Roest argues in favor of the Third Circuit's decision in University Medical Center v. Sullivan to advance the proposition that the Doctrine of Recoupment should be applied narrowly in health care bankruptcy cases. The article begins by introducing key provisions of the Medicare Act and Bankruptcy Code, and by distinguishing between recoupment and setoff. The article then focuses on the Thir...

Internet has found an increasing role in the politics, during the last decade. Today, terms like digital democracy, Internet elections, Internet advertisements (propaganda, social- political Web logging in the internet has become common terms.  Internet is getting replaced for the traditional media in politics. The interactive characteristic of this media has changed it to an unrivaled instrume...

based on a meta-theoretical analysis of voting, the present paper is an attempt to present a theoretical model encompassing all the possible aspects of voting in an election action system, proposing four sub-systems of voting as follows: economic voting, political voting, cultural voting and moral voting. having distinguished among these sub-systems, the writer describes the constitutive elemen...

(i) There is a delay by the intermediary in making payment to the SNF. (ii) Due to an exceptional situation, there is a temporary delay in the SNF’s preparation and submittal of bills to the intermediary beyond its normal billing cycle. (2) Approval of payment. An SNF’s request for an accelerated payment must be approved by the intermediary and HCFA. (3) Amount of payment. The amount of the acc...

Leader election algorithms solve the instability problem in the network which is caused by leader failure .In this paper, we propose a new leader election algorithm in two dimensional torus networks. The algorithm aims to elect one node to be a new leader. The new leader is identified by some characteristics not in the other nodes in the network. When the process is terminated, the network is r...