in the previous article written by the author of this paper we saw that economic principles governing  legislation policy in the field of copyright make legislator enact efficient laws and regulations on copyright and prevent him to enact contrary regulations in the same fields. the previous article considered three economic principles and now this article tries to examine two economic principl...

Despite the idiosyncratic behavior of individuals, empirical regularities exist in social and economic systems. These regularities often arise from simple underlying mechanisms which, analogous to the natural sciences, can be expressed as universal principles or laws. In this essay, I discuss the similarities between economic and natural phenomena and argue that it is advantageous for economist...

the law is important on point of law and economic movement. in fact, one of the production in the field of fiction markets is law and regulations. in the literature of law and economic, there is different between two laws. means that , we ought to distinguish between efficient and inefficient laws. so, there are some characteristics relation to efficient laws. this characterics are effect in th...

De Finetti’s Theorem asserts that a sequence of exchangeable variables are conditionally independent, that is, dependence under exchangeability is nothing but conditionally independence. However, de Finetti’s theorem is valid only with a infinite number of random variables, which makes this result unsuitable for application in many economic models. In this paper, we prove that dependence is con...

Most studies of the relation between economic freedom and growth of GDP have found a positive relation. One problem in this area is the choice of economic freedom measure. A single measure does not reflect the complex economic environment and a highly aggregated index makes it difficult to draw policy conclusions. In this paper we investigate what specific types of economic freedom measures tha...

INTRODUCTION Smoke-free air laws in restaurants and bars protect patrons and workers from involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke, but owners often express concern that such laws will harm their businesses. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the association between local smoke-free air laws and economic outcomes in restaurants and bars in 8 states without statewide smoke-free ...