this research aims to understand mother’s and girl’s expectations from their spouses, and shows the difference between these two generation’s expectations. along this, by using qualitative approach and deep semi-structured interview, we studied the expectations difference among 14 mothers and 14 girls resided at tehran city’s fifth region (area).results from the research showed that women’s exp...

This paper concerns itself with understanding the operation of financial markets using realistic assumptions. The expectations of economic agents generate prices in the marketplace. The generation of the expectations derives from the information available in the marketplace and the perceived economic needs of the agents. The revision of expectations occurs as new information is constantly enter...

Political economy and economic sociology have developed in relative isolation from each other. While political economy focuses largely on macrophenomena, economic sociology focuses on the level of social interaction in the economy. The paper argues that economic sociology can provide a microfoundation of political economy beyond rational actor theory and behavioral economics. Based on a discuss...

Psychological factors, market sentiments, and shifts in beliefs are believed by many to play a nontrivial role in inducing and amplifying economic fluctuations. Yet, these forces are rarely considered in macroeconomic models. This paper provides an attempt to evaluate the empirical role of expectational shocks on business cycle fluctuations. The paper relaxes the conventional assumption of rati...

The Future of Retirement and the Pension System: How the Public’s Expectations Vary over Time and across Socio-Economic Groups We analyze expectations of the Dutch population of ages 25 and older concerning the future generosity state and occupational pensions, the two main pillars of the Dutch pension system. Since the summer of 2006, monthly survey data were collected on the expectations of D...