abstract this study is an attempt to investigate the influence of targeting subsidies on price transmission pattern in iran's egg market. the targeting subsidies plan was imposed by 20 december 2010. using of daily price time series data, the study was conducted during december 2009 to october 2011. using ecm model, price transmission models were estimated for the two periods (e.g. before and a...

Introduction As a tumor grows, the demand for oxygen and nutrients increases and it grows further if acquires the ability to induce angiogenesis. In this study, we aimed to present a two-dimensional continuous mathematical model for avascular tumor growth, coupled with a discrete model of angiogenesis. Materials and Methods In the avascular growth model, tumor is considered as a single mass, wh...

introduction as a tumor grows, the demand for oxygen and nutrients increases and it grows further if acquires the ability to induce angiogenesis. in this study, we aimed to present a two-dimensional continuous mathematical model for avascular tumor growth, coupled with a discrete model of angiogenesis. materials and methods in the avascular growth model, tumor is considered as a single mass, wh...

W hen Caroline Damsky moved her lab to the University of California, San Francisco, in 1985, she knew she would have an instant colleague in Zena Werb. There was a natural connection between their work. That connection would be refl ected in their discoveries, which delineated an integrin-mediated pathway from the extracellular matrix (ECM) outside the cell to the internal, gene-expressing life...

The term was created by Peter Chen to describe a data infrastructure (database) which is directly based on the conceptual (i.e. Entity-Relationship) model. Conceptual models are the generally accepted approach to design abstract models of the real world. ECM takes this concept one step further and uses a conceptual model also at the instance level. The conversion of a conceptual model to tables...

Filopodia have a key role in sensing both chemical and mechanical cues in surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). However, quantitative understanding is still missing in the filopodial mechanosensing of local ECM stiffness, resulting from dynamic interactions between filopodia and the surrounding 3D ECM fibers. Here we present a method for characterizing the stiffness of ECM that is sensed by f...