This article reconstructs Adam Smith’s theory of international trade and compares it with the way it is presented in modern textbooks as the theory of absolute advantage. This textbook presentation falls short of Smith’s original ideas. I argue that the reason for this is the doxographic reconstruction of Smith’s theory to fit him into a Whig history of international trade theory. In this way t...

‘Ju Mipham Rinpoche (1846–1912), an important figure in the Ris med, or nonsectarian, movement influential in Tibet in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, was an unusual scholar in that he was a prominent Nyingma scholar and rDzog chen practitioner with a solid dGe lugs education. He took dGe lugs scholars like Tsong khapa and his followers seriously and appreciated their argumen...

Abstract This paper aims at re-evaluating the significance of Peripatetic features in Severus’ exegesis Timaeus through a comparison between doxography PM and fragment his treatise on soul quoted by Eusebius. Indeed, until now, scholarly literature has been inclined to consider Severus as plain anti-Aristotelian pro-Stoic Platonist. However recent edition Porphyrian lost On Principles Matter al...

This article describes the history of modern metaphysics as immanentization transcendence. We show this from concept “idea god”, which is phenomenon that violently separates subjectivity transcendence and opens up a tear in it we call “psycho-theological”: divine leaves trace us by its very distance. describe means study four archives: Descartes’ third Metaphysical Meditations (1641), refutatio...

This article discusses the function of dialectic in religious history, focusing on the works of two major sixth century Indian intellectuals and doxographers Bhāviveka and Haribhadra Sūri, who belonged to the competing Madhyamaka Buddhist and Jaina traditions respectively. The article studies how these two figures used medical metaphors for their dialectic purposes.