this research intended to determine whether english and persian men and women were different with respect to the use of intensifiers, hedges and tag questions. to conduct the study, r. lakoff's (1975) ideas concerning linguistic differences between males and females were taken into account. in order to gather the most natural-like data, 6 english and 8 persian film• scripts with a family a...

Decision theory has been plagued with a variety of problems almost from the start. Some, like the Ellsberg paradox [Ellsberg, 1961] merely seem to point to the problems actual people have in calculating probabilities and utilities. Others, like the Newcomb paradox and its relatives, have motivated a re-foundation of decision theory on causal grounds rather than evidential grounds [Joyce, 1999]....

Deleterious mutations tend to be recessive. Several theories, notably those of Fisher (based on selection) and Wright (based on metabolism), have been put forward to explain this pattern. Despite a long-lasting debate, the matter remains unresolved. This debate has focused on the average dominance of mutations. However, we also know very little about the distribution of dominance coefficients a...