purpose : to evaluate the effect of induced esophoria and exophoria on distance stereoacuity at 6 meters methods : fifty subjects with distance corrected or uncorrected visual acuity of 6/6 and orthophoria without history of amblyopia, strabismus or any ocular pathology were recruited and distance stereoacuity was measured by howard-dolman test before and after introducing 2, 4, 6 and 8δ base i...

Binocular depth perception was investigated in 164 healthy Ss of the Normative Aging Study, in connection with a model of ocular aging which explains change in the dioptric media in the forties on the basis of mechanical change and later change in the retina on the basis of metabolic change. A modified Verhoeff stereopter was used. The results showed a marked diminution to make stereoptic judgm...

Type E strains of Clostridium botulinum tend to produce toxin of relatively low mouse killing power (administered intraperitoneally) in relation to its high lethality per os for man. The explanation of this peculiarity seems to lie in the phenomenon of "activation," whereby type E toxin, when exposed at an appropriate pH in vitro to certain bacterial enzymes (Dolman, 1953, 1957a; Sakaguchi and ...

The climate system is warming, and a key factor in this change of the climate system is the increase of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gasses, which alter the balance of incoming and outgoing energy at the surface (Solomon et al., 2007). The most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide (CO2) and the uptake of carbon by the biosphere is a substantial component affectin...

Eye preference in humans and its correlation with eye dominance, visual acuity and handedness. Eye preference in humans and its correlation with eye dominance, visual acuity and handedness. Handedness is the most obvious expression of lateralized behaviour in humans. However, there is only limited knowledge about other forms of lateralized behaviour, e.g. preferential use of an eye and whether ...

On observational and modelling strategies targeted at regional carbon exchange over continents C. Gerbig, A. J. Dolman, and M. Heimann Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Received: 5 December 2008 – Accepted: 9 December 2008 – Published: 26 January 2009 Correspondence to: C. Gerbig ([email protected]) Published by Cop...

The monocular and binocular depth thresholds of strabismic subjects have been measured with a modified Howard-Dolman apparatus. Seven out of the 14 strabismic subjects tested were found to have binocular thresholds significantly higher than their monocular ones. These strabismic subjects all had small angles of deviation less than 8 prism dioptres and high acuities in both eyes.

Since 1936, when the type E strain of Clostridium botulinum was first established as a result of the work of Gunnison et al. (1936), 17 outbreaks of Type E botulism have been reported, involving 69 persons, of whom 21 died (Dolman and Chang, 1953; Dolman et al., 1955). Although the large proportion of fatalities suggests that this organism is highly toxigenic, published reports indicate that in...

Seasonal variation in ecosystem parameters derived from FLUXNET data M. Groenendijk, M. K. van der Molen, and A. J. Dolman VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Hydrology and Geo-environmental Sciences, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands Received: 28 January 2009 – Accepted: 1 March 2009 – Published: 11 March 2009 Correspondence to: M. Gro...