Background: Exposure to ionizing radiation is known to induce oxidative stress followed by damage to critical biomolecules like lipids, proteins and DNA through radiolysis of cellular water. Since radiation has been widely used as an important tool in therapy of cancer, the detailed investigation regarding the DNA damage and repair kinetics would help to predict the radiation sensitivity of cel...

background: exposure to ionizing radiation is known to induce oxidative stress followed by damage to critical biomolecules like lipids, proteins and dna through radiolysis of cellular water. since radiation has been widely used as an important tool in therapy of cancer, the detailed investigation regarding the dna damage and repair kinetics would help to predict the radiation sensitivity of cel...

Background: Impaired DNA repair mechanism is one of the main causes of tumor genesis. Study of intrinsic radiosensitivity of cancer patients in a non-target tissue (e.g. peripheral blood) might show the extent of DNA repair deficiency of cells in affected individuals and might be used a predictor of cancer predisposition. Methods: Initial radiation-induced DNA damage (ratio of Tail DNA/Head DN...

To illustrate the different kinetics of cellular self-repair mechanism under external perturbations from outer environment, a mathematical model of DNA damage repair process is proposed by using the Kinetic Theory of Active Particles (KTAP) framework. The profile of cellular self-repair process is represented by two sub-populations, each of which is made up of the active particles with differen...

Components of the DNA replication machinery localize into discrete subnuclear foci after DNA damage, where they play requisite functions in repair processes. Here, we find that the replication factors proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and RPAp34 dynamically exchange at these repair foci with discrete kinetics, and this behavior is distinct from kinetics during DNA replication. Posttrans...

DNA repair is essential for maintaining the integrity of the genetic material, and a number of DNA repair mechanisms have been fairly well characterized for the nuclear DNA of eukaryotic cells as well as prokaryotes. However, little is known about DNA repair in mitochondria. Using highly sensitive immunoanalytical methods to detect specific DNA alkylation products, we found active removal of O6...

DNA repair and other chromatin-associated processes are carried out by enzymatic macromolecular complexes that assemble at specific sites on the chromatin fiber. How the rate of these molecular machineries is regulated by their constituent parts is poorly understood. Here we quantify nucleotide-excision DNA repair in mammalian cells and find that, despite the pathways' molecular complexity, rep...

The kinetics of repair of radiation-induced DNA damage and recovery from radiation-induced potentially lethal damage (PLD) for fed plateau-phase 9L/Ro rat brain tumor cells were compared after single doses of 7-radiation and after combined treatment with 3 /tg of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1 -nitrosourea (BCNU)/ml given 16 hr prior to irradiation. DNA damage and repair were assayed using alkaline f...

The kinetics of repair of radiation-induced DNA damage and recovery from radiation-induced potentially lethal damage (PLD) for fed plateau-phase 9L/Ro rat brain tumor cells were compared after single doses of gamma-radiation and after combined treatment with 3 micrograms of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU)/ml given 16 hr prior to irradiation. DNA damage and repair were assayed using ...

Hyperthermia can modulate the action of many anticancer drugs, and DNA repair processes are temperature-dependent, but the character of this dependence in cancer and normal cells is largely unknown. This subject seems to be worth studying, because hyperthermia can assist cancer therapy. A 1-h incubation at 37 degrees C of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes and human myelogenous leukemia ...