in diagnostic and research bacteriology settings with budget and staff restrictions, fast and cost-effective genome extraction methods are desirable. if not inactivated properly, cellular and/or environmental dna nucleases will degrade genomic material during the extraction stage, and therefore might give rise to incorrect results in pcr experiments. when crude cell extracts, proteinase k–treat...

In diagnostic and research bacteriology settings with budget and staff restrictions, fast and cost-effective genome extraction methods are desirable. If not inactivated properly, cellular and/or environmental DNA nucleases will degrade genomic material during the extraction stage, and therefore might give rise to incorrect results in PCR experiments. When crude cell extracts, proteinase K–treat...

methylated and un-methylated control dna is an important part of dna methylation studies. although human and mouse dna methylation control sets are commercially available, in case of methylation studies on other species such as animals, plants, and bacteria, control sets need to be prepared. in this paper a simple method of generating methylated and un-methylated control dna is described. whole...

medicinal plants have high importance in medicine and pharmacogonosy because of their secondary metabolites. essential oils, antioxidants and flavonoids are the major compounds of many medicinal plants. these compounds especially antioxidants can increase oxidation of dna in response to wounds. nowadays, progresses in biotechnology such as molecular markers were used for phylogenetic relationsh...

background and objectives: dna ladder contains dna fragments of different length but with known size, used to determine the size of unknown dna molecules. different dna ladders are available for expected dna length. conserved sequences were selected for design of primers to generate dna fragments of known specific size. materials and methods: in this study, we describe a method by which dna lad...

for a long time, scientists have tried to describe disorders just by genetic or environmental factors. however, the role of epigenetics in human diseases has been considered from a half of century ago. in the last decade, this subject has attracted many interests, especially in complicated disorders such as behavior plasticity, memory, cancer, autoimmune disease, and addiction as well as neurod...

objective: in this paper, we have introduced topoisomerase inhibitors, mechanism of action and types of them. dna topoisomerases are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze essential enzymes to solve the topological problems accompanying key nuclear processes such as dna replication, transcription, repair and chromatin assembly by introducing temporary single or double strand breaks in the dna. result...

all wasp species in the genus lysiphlebus fã¶rster are solitary endoparasitoids of aphids andconsidered a taxonomically difficult group. in this study a part of coi and its2 was used to distinguishtwo closely related species l. fabarum (marshall) and l. confusus tremblay & eady in iran. thesequencing with a similarity about 99.5% showed coi's inability to separate the species l. fabarum an...