background: pain is described as the fifth vital sign, and inadequate pain management is linked to numerous immediate and long-term negative outcomes. venipuncture is one of the most painful medical procedures in children. distraction is one of the most effective ways to relieve pain. reducing patients’ pain is important for all nurses for many reasons. unnecessary pain can damage the nurse-pat...

background with the growing interest in long bone distraction several types of distractors have been introduced; all have the same principle of an outer structure which acts like a scaffold and the distracting mechanism is a separate device which is mounted on this outer structure. objectives we have used a simple and very light weight external fixator we designed and discuss the results of dis...

background: the purpose of the present study was to assess the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions on the anxiety among thalassemic children undergoing venipuncture. patients and methods: this was a clinical trial on 60 thalassemic children aged 6-12 years undergoing venipuncture. children were randomly divided into three groups: control, bubble making and regular breathing exercise. ...

BackgroundThe present review study provides specific evidence to assess the impact of distraction techniques and hypnosis on the pain of bone marrow aspiration in children.Materials and MethodsThis review study aimed to determine the effects of distraction techniques and hypnosis on the controlling pain of bone marrow aspiration in children. Internal databases (SID, Magiran, IranMedex and Irand...

background burn dressings, debridement, surgical incisions, skin grafting and physical therapy are some of painful treatments of burn. according to the studies, distraction techniques have a significant effect on patients’ pain. the present study was designed and conducted to determine the effect of distraction on pain of dressing change in second degree burn in 3-6 year-old children. materials...

OBJECTIVE Using a mixed model design, this study examined the effects of interactive versus passive distraction on healthy preschool-aged children's cold pressor pain tolerance. METHODS Sixty-one children aged 3-5 years were randomly assigned to one of the following: interactive distraction, passive distraction, or no distraction control. Participants underwent a baseline cold pressor trial f...

Research on the effectiveness of distraction as a method of pain control is inconclusive. One mechanism pertains to the motivational relevance of distraction tasks. In this study the motivation to engage in a distraction task during pain was experimentally manipulated. Undergraduate students (N=73) participated in a cold pressor test (CPT) and were randomly assigned to three groups: a distracti...

Driver distraction has become a major concern for transportation safety due to increasing use of infotainment systems in vehicles. To reduce safety risks, it is crucial to understand how fundamental aspects of distracting activities affect driver behavior at different levels of vehicle control. This study used a simulator-based experiment to assess the effects of visual, cognitive and simultane...

Alveolar ridge distraction is a recent and promising technique for ridge augmentation. Since 1997, a new distraction system incorporating a distraction implant has been in use. It can be used for alveolar ridge distraction and is not removed from the alveolar ridge. Upon completion of the distraction, it remains in the alveolar process for later prosthetic treatment. Thirty-five patients were t...