LIBRARY TRENDS, Vol. 63, No. 3, 2015 (“Exploring Philosophies of Information,” edited by Ken Herold), pp. 401–426. © 2015 The Board of Trustees, University of Illinois Abstract Prototypical instances of disinformation include deceptive advertising (in business and in politics), government propaganda, doctored photographs, forged documents, fake maps, internet frauds, fake websites, and manipula...

In this paper, the serious problem of disinformation is discussed. It is argued that, in order to deal with this problem, we first need to understand exactly what disinformation is. The philosophical method of conceptual analysis is described, and a conceptual analysis of disinformation is offered. Finally, how this analysis can help us to deal with the problem of disinformation is briefly disc...

Introduction. People enjoy sharing information, even when they do not believe it. Thus, misinformation (inaccurate information) and disinformation (deceptive information) diffuse throughout social networks, as misinforming and disinforming are varieties of information behaviour. Social media have made such diffusion easier and faster. Many information behaviour models, however, suggest a normat...

We study the problem of disinformation. We assume that an “agent” has some sensitive information that the “adversary” is trying to obtain. For example, a camera company (the agent) may secretly be developing its new camera model, and a user (the adversary) may want to know in advance the detailed specs of the model. The agent’s goal is to disseminate false information to “dilute” what is known ...

Astroturfing Astroturfing is the campaign that masks its supporters and sponsors to make it appear to be launched by grassroots participants. Crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing is the process of obtaining needed services, ideas, or content by soliciting contributions from a group of people. Internet services facilitate the process by connecting customers and crowdsourcing workers. Ground truth Ground ...

The topic variable is used in research on disinformation to analyze thematic differences the content of false news, rumors, conspiracies, etc. Those topics are frequently based national news agendas, i.e. producers address current or world events (e.g. elections, immigration, etc.) (Humprecht, 2019). Field application/theoretical foundation: Topics a central yet under-researched aspect online (...

The severity of banking crises increases with disinformation about the losses banks incur in making politically directed loans and about the budgetary costs to the government of standing ready to absorb these losses increases. When (as it eventually must) such disinformation begins to lose credibility, silent runs test the government’s commitment to supporting its insolvent banks. An open banki...

This paper seeks to investigate credibility, misinformation and disinformation as concepts highly correlated to the quality of information sources so as to encourage users to bear them in mind when searching for information via the web. Issues as to how users can make distinction among web information sources when confronting questionable ones are discussed. Exploring within an extensive, but n...

We model dynamic deception exercises in Ponzi schemes, war, terrorism, industrial/political espionage, and insider trading. We introduce a new class of competitive continuous time games with an informed player having an unbounded action intensity, whose actions are partially observed by a rival, or sequence of rivals. We find extremely strong square-root logarithm decreasing returns to deceptio...

Recent advances in cognitive science have demonstrated flaws that multiply vulnerability to disinformation. This is particularly true for the cutting-edge modernization of disinformation, the weaponized narrative. Adversaries use this vulnerability to manipulate the Americans and undermine America’s national security. National security is not, and cannot be, based solely on defense capabilities...