two different viruses were isolated from sugar beet growing areas in karaj, which caused mosaic symptoms. collected samples were classified in two different groups. the host range of the first group was confined to some species in chenopodiaceae and amaranthaceae families. the sap of infected plants reacted positively with beet mosaic virus antisera in ouchterlony double-diffusion test. electro...

A major problem for the effective diagnosis and management of prion diseases is the lack of rapid high-throughput assays to measure low levels of prions. Such measurements have typically required prolonged bioassays in animals. Highly sensitive, but generally non-quantitative, prion detection methods have been developed based on prions' ability to seed the conversion of normally soluble proteas...

In experiments on the accumulation and elimination of virus particles by Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas), an Escherichia coli C2 bacteriophage was used as a virus model. It became necessary to quantitate low concentrations of phage present in samples of seawater, oyster shell liquor, and oyster meats and feces. The agar overlay phage plaque assay is subject to the same limitations with rega...

MATERIALS AND METHODS Ascites tumors were implanted intraperitoneally (I.P.) with 0.1 ml. of a 1:5 dilution of packed cells except for the L1210 leukemia, for which 0.5 ml. of a 10 -4 dilution of ascitic fluid was used. The P1534 leukemia was implanted with 0.5 ml. of a 10 -4 spleen suspension. Implants of all other tumors, approximately 1 cu. mm., were implanted subcutaneously by trocar. Insul...

The maximum inhibitory dilution (MID) of triclosan-based mouthwashes against 28 Staphylococcus aureus strains was evaluated. Dilutions ranging from 1/10 to 1/655,360 were prepared. Strains were inoculated using a Steers multipoint inoculator. The MID was considered as the maximum dilution capable of inhibiting microorganism growth. The mouthwashes presented different MIDs.

The antitumor effect of combinations of the toxic proteins ricin and abrin with other drugs was studied in mice with systemic L1210 leukemia. Ricin was tested in combination with daunorubicin, c/s-dichlorodiammineplatinum(ll), or vincristine, and abrin was tested in combination with Adriamycin. The antileukemic effect of the regimens was gauged by assaying the life span of tumor-bearing animals...

To assess the clinical relevance of a semi-quantitative measurement of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA in renal transplant recipients within the typical clinical context of a developing country where virtually 100% of both receptors and donors are seropositive for this virus, we have undertaken HCMV DNA quantification using a simple, semi-quantitative, limiting dilution polymerase chain reacti...