Some common analog-to-digital conversion techniques, and ben-etits derived trom dual slope as used in the new digital instrument. Drcrrar voLTMETERS DTFFER BASTcALLy from the commonly used analog voltmeters in one respect-their display or readout is a numeric display rather than a meter indication. Analog voltmeters seldom have accuracies greater than about 0.25%, and to achieve even these accu...

Software techniques have been developed to take low-amplitude data in various patterns, assign a figure of merit to a set of data readings, edit data for erroneous readings (or other experimental variations), and to alert the experimenter if the detected errors are beyond the scope of the software. Erroneous voltage readings from digital voltmeters, intermittent electrical connections, and an a...

An algorithm based on Fast Hartley Transform (FHT) that uses a digital voltmeter for measuring the harmonic parameters of low-frequency signals with negligible leakage is presented. The algorithm was compared favorably in speed with a previous one based on discrete Fourier transforms.

A quick and accurate method of determining the concentration of carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) in blood has been developed. The method uses a dual wavelength double beam spectrophotometer in the 1st derivative mode, linked to a digital voltmeter (DVM), with the two beams set 3 nm apart around an isobestic point of reduced haemoglobin (Hbred) and carboxyhaemoglobin at 579 nm. The 1st derivative mode ...

An AC voltmeter is a device that measures the (peak) oscillating current I0 across a large resistor R0 that is attached to leads whose tips, 1 and 2, may be connected to some other circuit. The reading of the voltmeter (if properly calibrated) is Vmeter = I0(R0 + Rleads) where Rleads R0. AC voltmeters typically report the root-mean-square voltage Vrms = I0(R0 +Rleads)/ √ 2 rather than I0(R0 +Rl...