Pupply. With a reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) amplifylng heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) gene, we were able to detect two differenttypes of viable Cyyptosporidium oocysts from the environment. Water specimens were filtered under positive pressure through a 3-Elm polycarbonate filter (Nuclepore filter, Whatman, Maidstone, England). The trapped materials were detached from the filter by sonicat...

In order to detect plant aroma in a natural environment, we have investigated roses’ aroma using an odor sensor of quartz crystal resonator (QCR). In present work, we describe experimental setup for real-time sensing of roses’ aroma and feature extraction of roses’ aroma sensed by QCR sensors. This method can distinguish as different aroma as human sense of smell judged for two kinds of roses. ...

BACKGROUND Roses have been cultivated for centuries and a number of varieties have been selected based on flower traits such as petal form, color, and number. Wild-type roses have five petals (simple flowers), whereas high numbers of petals (double flowers) are typical attributes of most of the cultivated roses. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms that could have been selected to con...

This lesson sequence deals with the discussion on differenttypes of hotels and includes project work. Suggested activitiescombine reading, writing, speaking activities, ensure efficientmastering topic vocabulary develop students’ 21stcentury skills.

BACKGROUND Population-based serologic studies are a vital tool for understanding the epidemiology of influenza and other respiratory viruses, including the early assessment of the transmissibility and severity of the 2009 influenza pandemic, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. However, interpretation of the results of serologic studies has been hampered by the diversity of approac...

The phenolic methyl ether 3,5-dimethoxytoluene (DMT) is a major scent compound of many modern rose varieties, and its fragrance participates in the characteristic "tea scent" that gave their name to Tea and Hybrid Tea roses. Among wild roses, phenolic methyl ether (PME) biosynthesis is restricted to Chinese rose species, but the progenitors of modern roses included both European and Chinese spe...

A growing number of papers theoretically study the effects of introducing a preference signaling mechanism. However, the empirical literature has had difficulty proving a basic tenet, namely that an agent has more success when the agent uses a signal. This paper provides evidence based on a field experiment in an online dating market. Participants are randomly endowed with two or eight ‘‘virtua...

Attitudes are not static, but constructed at the moment of the evaluation, incorporating temporary contextual influences. How do meaningful events that naturally occur within a culture, such as a national holiday, shape evaluative judgments of objects related to the holiday? We focused on evaluations of red roses and gift chocolates, which are everyday objects, but also iconic of Valentine's Da...

Effects of exogenously applied methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and sucrose on vase life and non-structural carbohydrate concentration in petals and leaves of cut ‘First Red’ roses were investigated. Roses were placed in sealed plastic containers and received MeJA vapour treatment (0.1 μL MeJA L-1) for 24 h at 20°C. Flowers were then placed in individual bottles containing 0 or 2% (v/v) sucrose solution...

Scented rose species are very important in the genus Rosa due to their use in highly-prized essential oil production and as garden roses. The fragrance of the rose flower (attar) captured by extraction is one of the most valuable flavor and fragrance products. A comprehensive study of the papers published in the field of in vitro culture and biotechnology of these species, particularly Damask r...