Deuterium exchange of a carboxy group was achieved by photochemical decarboxylation of free carboxylic acids in the presence of thiol and a small amount of D(2)O, and a deuterated product with excellent deuterium content was obtained; this reaction is a practical means of synthesizing regioselective deuterium-labelled compounds under mild reaction conditions.

Hydrous pyrolysis experiments conducted on Messel shale with D2O demonstrated that a large amount of deuterium becomes incorporated into the hydrocarbons generated from the shale kerogen. In order to understand the pathway of deuterium (and protium) exchange and the role of water during hydrous pyrolysis, we conducted a series of experiments using aliphatic compounds (1,13-tetradecadiene, 1-hex...

The study of chemical transformations in the living cell with the aid of the isotope technique requires the preparation of deuterio compounds which contain deuterium atoms linked to carbon atoms. The carbon-deuterium linkages must be stable in the sense that the deuterium atoms will not be replaced by hydrogen atoms on solution in water. In the case of simple organic compounds, standard synthet...

The preparation of compounds labeled with deuterium or tritium has become an essential tool in different research fields. Hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) offers a direct access to said compounds, introducing...

The nucleophilic substitution reactions of Y-O-aryl methyl phosphonochloridothioates with substituted anilines (XC(6)H(4)NH(2)) and deuterated anilines (XC(6)H(4)ND(2)) are investigated kinetically in acetonitrile at 55.0 degrees C. The Hammett and Brønsted plots for substituent (X) variations in the nucleophiles are biphasic concave downwards with a break region between X = H and 4-Cl. The deu...

Trideuteriated trichothecenes can be generated from diacetoxyscirpenol by a reaction sequence involving acetylation, epoxide deoxygenation, allylic oxidation, deuterium exchange, epoxidation, and reduction.

Among all isotopes those which would be expected to show the greatest differences from the original element are the isotopes of hydrogen. The addition of one or two protons to a relatively large atom is an insignificant change in comparison with that undergone by the transformation of hydrogen to its nearest isotope, deuterium, for here the extra proton practically doubles the mass. In fact deu...