all desalination methods which are currently used have limitations. a newly designed instrument by zare a.m. was tested and compared with currently used method in razi vaccine and serum research institute(rvsri). samples of anti snake venom for desalination was provided by department of anti-serum, rvsri. parameters included in this study were time and water consumption during desalination proc...

  All desalination methods which are currently used have limitations. A newly designed instrument by Zare A.M. was tested and compared with currently used method in Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute(RVSRI). Samples of anti snake venom for desalination was provided by department of anti-serum, RVSRI. Parameters included in this study were time and water consumption during desalination pr...

abstract aims: one of the consequences of taking ground water into surface is changing its chemical quality, specially increasing the concentration of dissolved salts. this research was performed in order to analyze growth possibility of heterotrophic bacteria in the membrane of active desalination plants in kashan city, iran. instrument & methods: this descriptive cross-sectional study was don...

Environmental issues related to desalination are a major factor in the design and implementation of desalination technologies. An acceptable desalination plant is expected to meet environmental regulations; be cost-effective in terms of construction, operation and management, as well as the costs associated with monitoring and permit fees. Some major environmental concerns include issues relate...

A large number of resources are dedicated to seawater desalination and will only grow as world-wide water scarcity increases. In arid areas with high temperature and salinity seawater, thermal desalination and power plants (dual-purpose/co-generation plants) are often employed for the production of power and water. In other areas, reverse osmosis is commonly employed. However, both technologies...

Throughout the world, there are regions of vast extent that have many favorable features, but whose development is principally limited by the lack of fresh water. In arid areas where large-scale development has already occurred, e.g. parts of the Middle East and North Africa, the extraction of fresh water via desalination plants requires very large energy consumption. This motivates the develop...

Throughout the world, there are regions of vast extent that have many favorable features, but whose development is principally limited by the lack of fresh water. In arid areas where large-scale development has already occurred, e.g. parts of the Middle East and North Africa, the extraction of fresh water via desalination plants requires very large energy consumption. This motivates the develop...

The paper presents an overview of environmental issues that may be expected with nuclear desalination. The analysis of coupling nuclear power with desalination plants indicates that adverse marine impacts can be mitigated with alternative intake designs or cooling systems. The atmospheric impact of desalination may be greatly reduced through the coupling with nuclear power, while maximizing the...

Seawater desalination plants have been utilized to supply fresh water to the State of Kuwait since the early 50’s. In spite of the fact that there are several types of desalination technology that can be used more efficiently and economically, one type of desalination technology, namely multi-stage flash (MSF), has been used extensively in Kuwait. This work is an attempt to identify the most su...

ii Acknowledgment iv Dedication vii List of Figures xvii List of Tables xxiv Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Water Crisis in Arab Countries 1 1.2 Research Motivation 2 1.3 Research Aims and Significance 3 A. The Significance of Neural Networks for Modeling of Large-Scale 4 Commercial Water Desalination Plants. B. The Significance of Steady-State and Dynamic Simulations of a Large-Scale Commercial M...