BACKGROUND Co-infection of leishmaniasis and HIV is increasingly reported. The clinical presentation of leishmaniasis is determined by the host immune response to the parasite; as a consequence, this presentation will be influenced by HIV-induced immunosuppression. As leishmaniasis commonly affects the skin, increasing immunosuppression changes the clinical presentation, such as in post-kala-az...

hepatitis b virus (hbv) is the most prevalent viral infection and is among the leading causes of human liver diseases. nearly 360 millions of people are world widely infected with prolonged forms of hepatitis b including active and inactive chronic forms. chronic hepatitis b (chb) is associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in patients suffering from congenital and/or acquir...

biv is a well-known bovine immunosup-pressive cause, but its pathogenesis has not been well characterized. it seems that it is possible that cofactors such as co- infection with other bovine viral pathogens may play a role in enhancing the pathogenesis of biv infection; bvdv also has immunosuppressive effects. objective: the aim of this study was determination of possible correlation between bi...

background : gb virus c (gbv-c) is a flavivirus that was characterized in 1995. the prevalence of gbv-c rna in hiv-in­fected subjects has not been previously studied in iran and was therefore determined. methods: we have investigated serum samples of 80 patients from imam khomeini hospital, tehran, iran, whose hiv in­fection was confirmed in our laboratory by western-blotting. we used nested-pc...

Concomitant skin lesions in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or kala-azar are rare, being more common the description of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis occurring post treatment of kala-azar. Skin lesions caused by Leishmania donovani are frequently seen in the aids-VL co-infection. In Brazil cutaneous or mucosal forms of tegumentary leishmaniasis concomitant with aids are more commonly register...

closure of fascia after transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (tram) flap has usually been performed with direct closure or synthetic material. the dermal autograft was removed from zone iv of flap was an alternative to reinforce fascial closure. the dermal autograft was used in 34 patients after tram harvest for breast, head and neck reconstruction and prolene mesh was used in 42 other ...

BACKGROUND Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a dermal complication of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which may occur after or during treatment. It has been frequently reported from India and the Sudan, but its occurrence in South America has been rarely reported. It may mimic leprosy and its differentiation may be difficult, since both diseases may show hypo-pigmented macular lesions ...

background co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) is common due to shared routes of transmission, as reported approximately 10% of 33 million hiv-infected patients worldwide are chronically infected with hbv. mutations of hbsag especially within the “a” determinant could alter the antigenicity of the protein, causing failure of hbsag neutralization and ...

conclusions advocacy and publicity to raise awareness of the potential public health impact of hsv and hiv co-infection in nigeria, where anti-hsv testing is not generally performed in all populations, is therefore recommended. background herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) is normally associated with orofacial (orolabial) infections and encephalitis, whereas hsv-2 usually causes genital infections ...

conclusions patients with hiv/aids are more likely to acquire other stis, because the same behaviors that increase the risk of becoming hiv infected can also increase the risk of acquiring stis. having a sore on the skin due to an sti can make the transmission of hiv to the sex partner more likely than people who don’t have such sore in their genital area. results among the 41 patients with hiv...