Enterobacter cloacae NUH10 was isolated at Nagasaki University Hospital in 1987. E. cloacae NUH10 is a mutant strain which produces high levels of cephalosporinase. E. cloacae ATCC 23355 is known to be sensitive to so-called third generation cephems and produces an inducible cephalosporinase. The polyclonal antibody to cephalosporinase extracted from E. cloacae NUH10 was utilized in post-embedd...

background hospital-acquired infections caused by multi-drug resistant acinetobacter spp. are often extremely difficult to treatand this has proved to be a serious problem worldwide. objectives the aim of this study was to determine the incidence rates and distribution patterns of multi-drug resistant (mdr) acinetobacter spp. strains and the occurrence of acinetobacter-derived cephalosporinase ...

A small number of highly cephem-resistant strains was found in extensive susceptibility testing of clinical isolates of Escherichia coli to the new cephalosporin derivatives. The cephem-resistance of these clinical isolates appeared to be due to the increased cephalosporinase activities. To clarify the mechanism of the resistance, we cloned the cephalosporinase genes from two typical cephem-res...

Escherichia coli is one of the leading causes of nosocomial infections. The most frequent mechanism of resistance to penicillins is the production of the common plasmidmediated TEM-1 -lactamase. Extended-spectrum lactamases of the TEM and SHV families, conferring resistance to newer -lactams such as oxyimino-cephalosporins, have also spread among E. coli clinical isolates. These enzymes are una...

The inactivation kinetics for inhibition by sulbactam (CP45,899) of Citrobacter freundii GN346 cephalosporinase were studied in detail and compared with those of type Ib penicillinase or TEM-2 beta-lactamase mediated by R plasmid RGN823. The rate constant for progressive inactivation of the cephalosporinase was significantly larger than that measured with the penicillinase. The number of sulbac...

The nucleotide sequence of a 3.1-kb region from the chromosome of the Yersinia enterocolitica O:5b strain IP97 containing the gene for an inducible chromosomal cephalosporinase has been determined. The cephalosporinase gene was homologous to other enterobacterial chromosomal cephalosporinase genes, and it was accompanied by a gene homologous to the regulatory ampR gene. The arrangement of genes...

A naturally occurring AmpC beta-lactamase (cephalosporinase) gene was cloned from the Hafnia alvei 1 clinical isolate and expressed in Escherichia coli. The deduced AmpC beta-lactamase (ACC-2) had a pI of 8 and a relative molecular mass of 37 kDa and showed 50 and 47% amino acid identity with the chromosome-encoded AmpCs from Serratia marcescens and Providentia stuartii, respectively. It had 94...

Acinetobacter spp. are emerging as opportunistic hospital pathogens that demonstrate resistance to many classes of antibiotics. In a metropolitan hospital in Cleveland, a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii that tested resistant to cefepime and ceftazidime (MIC = 32 microg/ml) was identified. Herein, we sought to determine the molecular basis for the extended-spectrum-cephalosporin resi...

Carbapenem resistance was studied in a clinical isolate of Enterobacter cloacae, strain 201 (MIC of imipenem and meropenem, 16 micrograms/ml). This strain was analyzed comparatively with the carbapenem-susceptible parent strain 200, an equally susceptible revertant, 201-Rev, and in vitro-selected mutants with different levels of carbapenem resistance. All strains produced similarly high amounts...