thioredoxins (trxs) are small ubiquitous oxidoreductase proteins with two redox-active cys residues in a conserved active site (wcg/ppc) that regulate numerous target proteins via thiol/disulfide exchanges in the cells of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. the isoforms ostrx23 with a typical active site (wcgpc) and ostrx20 with an atypical active site (wctpc) are two  trx h- type isoforms in rice that ...

Thioredoxins (Trxs) are small ubiquitous oxidoreductase proteins with two redox-active Cys residues in a conserved active site (WCG/PPC) that regulate numerous target proteins via thiol/disulfide exchanges in the cells of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The isoforms OsTrx23 with a typical active site (WCGPC) and OsTrx20 with an atypical active site (WCTPC) are two  Trx h- type isoforms in rice that ...

the thioredoxin system, comprising thioredoxin (trx), thioredoxin reductase (trxr) and nadph, is one of the major cellular antioxidant systems, implicated in a large and growing number of biological functions. trx acts as an oxidoreductase via a highly conserved dithiol/disulfide motif located in the active site ( trp-cys-gly-pro- cys-lys-). different factors are involved in the regulation of t...

Plants possess two well described thioredoxin systems: a cytoplasmic system including several thioredoxins and an NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase and a specific chloroplastic system characterized by a ferredoxin-dependent thioredoxin reductase. On the basis of biochemical activities, plants also are supposed to have a mitochondrial thioredoxin system as described in yeast and mammals, but...

Selenium compounds like selenite (SeO3(2-) may form a covalent adduct with glutathione (GSH) in the form of selenodiglutathione (GS-Se-SG), which is assumed to be important in the metabolism of selenium. We have isolated GS-Se-SG and studied its reactions with NADPH and thioredoxin reductase from calf thymus or with thioredoxin reductase and thioredoxin from Escherichia coli. Incubation of 0.1 ...

Nicotinamide cofactor-dependent oxidoreductases have become a valuable tool for the synthesis of high value chiral compounds. The feasibility biocatalytic processes involving these enzymes stands and falls with efficiency regeneration cofactors. In this study, we describe novel NADPH method based on natural thioredoxin electron delivery system. Thioredoxin 1 (Trx1) reductase (TR) from Thermus t...

Mitochondrial thioredoxin-glutathione reductase was purified from larval Taenia crassiceps (cysticerci). The preparation showed NADPH-dependent reductase activity with either thioredoxin or GSSG, and was able to perform thiol/disulfide exchange reactions. At 25 degrees C specific activities were 437 +/- 27 mU mg(-1) and 840 +/- 49 mU mg(-1) with thioredoxin and GSSG, respectively. Apparent K(m)...

BACKGROUND The selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase 1 has a complex role relating to cell growth. It is induced as a component of the cellular response to potentially mutagenic oxidants, but also appears to provide growth advantages to transformed cells by inhibiting apoptosis. In addition, selenocysteine-deficient or alkylated forms of thioredoxin reductase 1 have also demonstrated oxidative, pr...

The cytosolic thioredoxin redox system composed of thioredoxin-1 and the NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase-1 reductase is an important regulator of cell growth and survival. Thioredoxin-1 is overexpressed in many human tumors where it is associated with increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis, and decreased patient survival. We hypothesized that thioredoxin reductase-1 provides a ...

A set of Xanthohumol derivatives were selected and molecular docking studies of these ‎compounds on thioredoxin reductase were conducted. Based on new structural patterns using in ‎silico-screening study, new potent lead compounds were designed. The results due to validated ‎docking protocols lead to find that Thr58, Gly57, Gly21, Asp334, Glu163, Ala130, IIe332, ‎Val44 and Gly132 are the main a...