neuromyelitis optica is an inflammatory demyelinating disease (idd) of the cns, which mainly affects optic nerve and spinal cord. autoantibodies against aquaporin-4 also known as nmo-igg have been implicated in the pathogenesis of nmo. we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of nmo-igg assay for diagnosing nmo patients and differentiating them from ms patients and those with undifferentiat...

as in men and more frequently afflicts Caucasian patients, but all races can be affected. Onset of disease usually occurs in people between 20 and 50 years of age, with a peak occurring in those 30 years of age. The prevalence of MS varies widely with location; the highest prevalence is found at higher latitudes. This geographic variation suggests that MS may in part be caused by the action of ...

introduction acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (adem) is an acute inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, resulting in various neurological symptoms. usually, the disease appears following vaccination or systemic viral infections. in rare cases, the disease appears following pneumococcal infections. case presentation the patient was a 27 year-old man who was ref...

demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (cns) are a group of autoimmune disorders affecting the myelin sheets of cns neurons resulting in different neurological deficits and disability. multiple sclerosis (ms), devic’s disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (adem), and neuromyelitis optica (nmo) are among the most common types of d...

Acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies represent an important group of disorders. Although the acute form is more common, all clinical neurologists will eventually encounter patients with these disorders. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, or Guillain-Barré syndrome, is the most common cause of acute generalized weakness. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating p...

chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is an autoimmune disease with progressive and relapsing courses. the main clinical presentations are diffuse deep tendon hyporeflexia or areflexia and symmetric proximal-distal muscles weakness. myasthenia gravis is also an immune mediated disease with fluctuating ocular and bulbar symptoms and sometimes weakness. although both myasthenia gravis...