genetic parameters were estimated in a base and closed population of iranian honeybee colonies. data were obtained on 500-700 iranian native population of honey­bee colonies (honeybee breeding project in central region of iran) subject to 9 successive generation of selection. these populations had been selected for honey production, swarming behavior, and defense behavior. heritability of honey...

abstract parasitic insects face many decisions when foraging for host, some for example frequently have to make decisions with regard to staying in or leaving their current patch. in this study, we investigated how the foraging and oviposition behavior of lysiphlebus fabarum is influenced by (1) a female’s previous experience of encountering aphids host and (2) age of female parasitoids. to tes...

in 2d soccer simulation league, agents will decide based on information and data in their model. effective decisions need to have world model information without any noise and missing data; however, there are few solutions to omit noise in world model data; so we should find efficient ways to reduce the effect of noise when making decisions. in this article we evaluate some simple solutions whe...

In 2D Soccer Simulation league, agents will decide based on information and data in their model. Effective decisions need to have world model information without any noise and missing data; however, there are few solutions to omit noise in world model data; so we should find efficient ways to reduce the effect of noise when making decisions. In this article we evaluate some simple solutions whe...

In responses to looming objects, the praying mantis shows a defense behavior, which consists of retracting forelegs under the prothorax. The role of a looming-sensitive neuron in triggering this behavior was investigated by simultaneously recording the activity and behavioral responses of the neuron. The mantis initiated the defense behavior earlier in response to larger and slower looming stim...

e iranian honeybee weak pointes. in this research after evaluation and selecting the best colonies during the 1999-2005 bred queens of sixth and seventh generation were compared, with control queens in different apiaries of tehran, isfahan, markazi and qazvin provinces. comparison of 6th and 7th generation, of iranian honeybee bred queens with control queens in tehran, qazvin, markazi and isfah...

In a three-year experimental study of parental defense behavior in Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), I presented live ferrets and rat snakes to parents in the vicinity of 113 nests on the 13th and 14th day after chick-hatching. Sex of the defending parent and the identity of the predator being defended against were the most significant determinants of variation in the 13 aspects of parental ...

Our research addresses rational decision-making among anti-air units whose mission is to defend a specified territory from a number of attacking missiles. In this paper, we present a decision-theoretic method that automated agents can use to select optimal communicative acts in this domain, given the characteristics of the threat situation. Since the communication bandwidth is usually limited i...

Cooperative behavior is widespread among animals, yet the neural mechanisms have not been studied in detail. We examined cooperative territory defense behavior and associated neural activity in candidate forebrain regions in the cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni. We find that a territorial male neighbor will engage in territory defense dependent on the perceived threat of the intruder. The re...